摘要仅依据临床表现难以准确区分A族链球菌(GAS)与其他病原体所致的咽炎，无法有效指导抗菌药物的合理使用。咽拭子培养、快速抗原检测、核酸检测及血液检测等有助于明确诊断GAS咽炎，但是不同指南对于GAS咽炎实验室检测方法的适用对象、结果解释等建议存在差异。现总结不同GAS咽炎实验室诊断方法及其特点，并对不同指南推荐意见进行分析，为临床诊断和采用抗菌药物治疗GAS咽炎，以及开展相关研究提供参考。

abstractsIt is difficult to accurately distinguish pharyngitis caused by Group A Streptococcus(GAS) from other pathogens according to the clinical presentation alone, which cannot effectively guide the rational use of antimicrobials.The pharyngeal swab culture, rapid antigen detection test, nucleic acid test, and blood test can help definitively diagnose GAS pharyngitis.However, there are differences in different guidelines on who the laboratory test methods are intended for, interpretation of laboratory test results and so on.This article summarizes and analyses the laboratory diagnostic modalities and their characteristics, as well as recommendations for GAS pharyngitis in different guidelines to provide references for the clinical diagnosis, antimicrobial treatment, and further study of GAS pharyngitis.