摘要目的 观察泡沫敷料和聚氨酯凝胶垫预防手术压疮的效果.方法 将140例神经外科需放置俯卧位和侧卧位的手术患者随机分为对照组和实验组各70例,对照组术中采用常规处理加海绵垫；实验组术中常规压疮处理运用泡沫敷料加聚氨酯凝胶垫.术后即刻和术后30 min共2次,记录皮肤压疮情况,测量红斑最大直径(cm),并进行分期.术后24h对2组患者进行术后回访,记录压疮情况. 比较2组患者的一般状况及皮肤压疮情况和红斑最大直径.结果 实验组术后即刻、术后30 min、术后24h这3个时间点出现Ⅰ期压疮、Ⅱ期压疮的例数均低于对照组,红斑最大径在3个时间点也显著小于对照组.结论 泡沫敷料加聚氨酯凝胶垫的方法能够有效预防或缓解手术压疮,值得临床推广.

abstractsObjective To observe the effect of foam dressing and polyurethane gel pad in prevention of pressure ulcer for surgical patients.Methods 140 patients in neurosurgery department were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group with 70 patients in each group.The control group received foam-rubber cushion for conventional nursing,the experimental group used foam dressing and polyurethane gel pad to prevent pressure ulcer.Instantly after the operation and 30 min later,the situation of skin pressure ulcer was recorded respectively,the maximum diameter of erythema was measured and the process was put into phases.24 hours after the operation,patients of the above two groups were visited and the situation of skin pressure ulcer was recorded.The skin pressure ulcer and the maximum diameter of erythema were compared between the two groups.Results Cases with phase Ⅰ and phase Ⅱ pressure ulcer in the experimental group were less than those of the control group at three time points,which were instantly after the operation,30 min and 24 hours later.The diameter of erythema at three time points was also less than the control group.Conclusions Foam dressing and polyurethane gel pad could effectively prevent or alleviate pressure ulcer after operation and therefore is worthy of clinical application.