摘要目的 了解目前结构性授权、工作压力和工作倦怠的现状,探索三者之间的关系模型,为降低护士工作倦怠提供理论依据.方法 采用工作效能条件问卷、护士工作压力源量表、工作倦怠感量表,调查3所医院的350名护理人员,并对结果进行分析.结果 结构性授权整体均分为(2.23±0.59)分,处于中下水平；工作倦怠量表中情感衰竭得分为(29.75±13.94)分,个人成就感得分为(27.40±11.21)分,都属于高度倦怠感,去人格化得分为(8.07±5.82)分,为中度倦怠感；工作压力源量表中工作量及时间分配问题得分最高(3.23±0.95)分；结构性授权、工作压力和工作倦怠三者具有显著相关性；分层回归和结构方程模型技术结果表明,结构性授权和工作压力显著影响工作倦怠各因子,结构性授权显著影响工作压力,并通过工作压力的中介作用间接影响工作倦怠各因子.结论 管理者应该采取一定护理措施减少和消除护士压力源,构建有利于授权的正性工作环境,降低护士工作倦怠的水平.

abstractsObjective To investigate the status of structural empowerment,job stress and burnout,and to explore the relationship aunong them.Methods The questionnaires of CWEQ-Ⅱ,job stressors and MBI were used to investigate 350 nurses working at tertiary-level hospitals.Results The average score of CWEQ-Ⅱ was (2.23±0.59),the score of EE of MBI was (29.75±13.94),PA was (27.40±11.21),both of them showed a high level of exhaustion,DP was (8.07±5.82),which showed a middle level of exhaustion.The findings showed that workload and time pressure were the most frequently encountered job stressor among staff nurses,the score was (3.23±0.95).There was a significant correlation among structural empowerment,job stressors and the level of burnout.Hierarchical regression analysis and structural equation modeling showed that structural empowerment had significant influence on every factor of job stressors and burnout,job stressors had significant influence on the every factors of burnout.Conciusins It is suggested to pay attention to the main job stressors,and take proper interventions to enhance nurses' structural empowerment to prevent burnout,and thereby to raise the quality of care.