摘要目的 评价奥塔戈运动项目对预防老年人跌倒的效果.方法 检索PubMed、Web of science、Scopus、CINAHL、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方等数据库中关于奥塔戈运动项目应用于老年人的随机对照研究.采用Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0对文献质量进行评价,并采用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析.结果 共纳入16项研究.Meta分析结果显示,奥塔戈运动项目能降低老年人跌倒发生率(比值比为0.85,P=0.0006)、提高跌倒效能感(4项)(标准化均数差分别为0.67、0.43,均P<0.05)、增强平衡力(3项)(标准化均数差为0.65,P<0.01)和移动能力(3项)(均数差为-5.46,P=0.0001),不能有效降低跌倒相关性损伤的发生率(5项)(比值比为0.98,P=0.78).结论 奥塔戈运动项目能有效降低老年人跌倒的发生率,并能提高跌倒效能感、增强平衡力,建议临床推广时合理选择实施时间.

abstractsObjective To evaluate the effect of Otago exercise program on the elderly′s falls. Methods The relevant randomized controlled trials were searched from PubMed, Web of science, Scopus,CINAHL,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang database. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria two reviewers screened literature, extracted data and assessed the quality of included studies, using Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 independently. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan5.3. Results Totally 16 randomized controlled trials were included. Meta-analysis showed that Otago exercise program can reduce the incidence of falls(ratio ratio was 0.85,P=0.000 6),improve falls efficacy (standardized mean number difference was 0.67, 0.43, all P<0.05), enhance elderly′ s balance (standardized mean number difference was 0.65,P<0.01)and mobility(mean number difference was-5.46, P=0.000 1),but can′t effectively reduce the incidence of falls related injury(ratio ratio was 0.98,P=0.78). Conclusions Otago exercise program is effective to improve falls efficacy, enhance balance and mobility,reduce the incidence of falls.It is suggested to promote clinical use.