摘要目的:探讨采用正强化理论护理干预在颈椎病术后康复治疗患者中的临床效果与对颈椎功能、生命质量的影响。方法:选择2017年3月至2020年5月统一行颈椎病前路分段减压手术治疗后接受康复的患者94例，采用随机数字表法分为对照组与研究组，每组47例，对照组给予常规护理，研究组在对照组基础上接受正强化理论护理干预。采用视觉模拟评分法（VAS）、日本骨科协会评估治疗（JOA）分数、生命质量量表（SF-36）分别评估2组患者护理前、护理1周后疼痛症状、颈椎功能恢复情况、生命质量，采用调查问卷的形式统计2组患者护理满意率。结果:研究组护理前JOA评分、生命质量评分、VAS评分分别为（7.57 ± 1.35）、（56.78 ± 5.62）、（6.53 ± 0.34）分，对照组护理前JOA评分、生命质量评分、VAS评分分别为（7.32 ± 1.27）、（56.32 ± 5.31）、（6.32 ± 0.31）分，2组比较差异无统计学意义（ P>0.05）；研究组护理后的JOA评分、生命质量评分分别为（15.73 ± 0.33）、（91.67 ± 2.34）分，高于对照组的（12.18 ± 0.46）、（83.43 ± 3.33）分，研究组VAS评分为（2.33 ± 0.11）分，低于对照组的（4.53 ± 0.25）分，2组比较差异有统计学意义（ t值为3.47、5.43、4.67， P<0.05）。研究组护理满意率为97.87%（46/47），高于对照组的85.11%（40/47），差异有统计学意义（ χ2值为4.92， P<0.05）。 结论:在颈椎病术后康复治疗中采用正强化理论护理干预可有效缓解患者的疼痛症状，改善颈椎功能，进而有效提高生命质量。

abstractsObjective:To explore the clinical effect of positive reinforcement theory nursing intervention in the rehabilitation treatment of patients with cervical spondylosis and its influence on cervical function and quality of life.Methods:From March 2017 to May 2020, 94 patients who received rehabilitation after anterior cervical decompression surgery were selected as the research samples. They were divided into the control group and the study group by random digits table method with 47 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing care, and the study group received positive reinforcement theoretical nursing intervention on the basis of the control group.The nursing effect,cervical vertebra function and quality of life before and after nursing were evaluated by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association assesses treatment(JOA) score, SF-36. The nursing satisfaction rate was evaluated by questionnaire.Results:The JOA score, quality of life score and VAS score of the study group before nursing were (7.57 ± 1.35), (56.78 ± 5.62), (6.53 ± 0.34) respectively, while those of the control group were (7.32 ± 1.27), (56.32 ± 5.31), (6.32 ± 0.31) respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( P > 0.05). The JOA score and quality of life score of the study group after nursing were (15.73 ± 0.33) and (91.67 ± 2.34) respectively, which were higher than those of the control group (12.18 ± 0.46) and (83.43 ± 3.33) respectively. The VAS score of the study group after nursing was (2.33 ± 0.11) and lower than that of the control group (4.53 ± 0.25). The differences were statistically significant ( t values were 3.47, 5.43, 4.67, P< 0.05). Compared with the control group, the nursing satisfaction rate of the study group was higher than that of the control group (85.11%, 40/47 vs. 97.87%,46/47, χ2 value was 4.92, P < 0.05). Conclusions:Positive reinforcement theory nursing intervention can effectively relieve the pain symptoms of patients, improve the cervical function, and effectively improve the quality of life.