摘要阵发性交感神经过度兴奋综合征（PSH）是继发于中重度颅脑损伤的临床综合征，其临床症状严重，医疗资源消耗大。因为诊断工具的特异性低且发病机制不很明确，PSH的早期诊断仍然很困难，其治疗主要为药物对症处理，预后多不佳。星状神经节阻滞（SGB）可针对PSH的发病机制发挥作用，抑制交感神经过度兴奋而阻断交感风暴。SGB是治疗PSH的一种很有前景的方法，它克服了全身药物治疗的局限性，并重新校正异常的自主神经状态。本文阐述了PSH的病因、发病机制、临床表现和治疗现状，并就SGB治疗PSH的有效性、可行性进行综述。

abstractsParoxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH), secondary to moderate to severe traumatic brain injury, is severe clinical symptoms and high consumption of medical resources. Due to the low specificity of diagnostic tools and unclear pathogenesis, early diagnosis of PSH remains challenging. At present, the main treatment strategy is symptomatic drug treatment, and the prognosis is mostly poor. Stellate ganglion block (SGB), inhibiting sympathetic nerve overexcitation and blocking sympathetic storm, is a new method for treatment of PSH, in overcoming the limitations of systemic drug therapy and correcting abnormal autonomic nervous system states. This article elaborates on the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and current treatment status of PSH, and reviews the efficacy and feasibility of SGB for treatment of PSH.