摘要AIM:To investigate the early mortality of placebotreated alcoholic hepatitis patients.METHODS: Mortality data about alcoholic hepatitis patients who participated in randomized placebocontrolled trials were searched from PubMed, EMBASE,and Cochrane Library, extracted and analyzed.RESULTS: A total of 661 placebo-treated patients in 19 trials were included. The overall mortality rate was 34.19% with a median observation time of 160 d (range 21-720 d). Hepatic failure, gastrointestinal bleeding and infection were the three main causes of death, accounting for 55.47%, 21.17% and 7.30% of all deaths,respectively. One-month mortality data about 324 placebo-treated alcoholic hepatitis patients in 10 trials were reported with a pooled mortality rate of 20.37%.The one-month mortality rate of patients with moderate to severe alcoholic hepatitis tended to be higher than that of general patients (22.69% vs 10.93%, P <0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed between the patients from North America or Europe (22.43% vs 18.45%, P > 0.05), neither any difference was found between the studies published before and after 1990 (18.18% vs 21.88%, P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: Alcoholic hepatitis is a severe liver disease with a high mortality rate, and hepatic failure,gastrointestinal bleeding and infection are the three main causes of death.