摘要Background:Statins are frequently prescribed to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality by lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.However,the use of statins leads to an increased incidence of new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus(NODM).Our study aims to compare the effect of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin on NODM in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)within 18 months of follow-up.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with ACS who underwent PCI and were treated with rosuvastatin or atorvastatin between June 2012 and June 2017.The survival functions between the 2 groups were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test with NODM as the endpoint.Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate haz-ard ratios(HRs)and 95％confidence intervals(CIs)for the risk factors of NODM.Results:In total,220 patients received rosuvastatin and 168 atorvastatin.The cumulative incidence of NODM in the rosuvastatin group was lower but did not reach statistical significance,compared with that in the atorvastatin group(7.27％vs.12.50％,respectively;log-rank P=0.08).Using Cox proportional hazards models,baseline fasting blood glucose level was associated with a statistically significant in-crease in the risk of NODM(HR:4.56;95％Cl:2.83-7.36;P＜0.01).Conclusion:Long-term use of moderate rosuvastatin had a similar incidence of NODM compared with atorvastatin in patients with ACS receiving PCI.