摘要Nosocomial pathogen carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneu-moniae(CRKP)poses a heightened risk to public health through carbapenem resistance and virulence convergence,particularly in China's dominant sequence type 11(ST11)clone[1,2].Mono-clonal K.pneumoniae exhibits within-host diversity during pro-longed infections[3-5],with certain variants surviving through adaptation[4,6].CRKP strains from the blood of a single patient are heterogeneous in terms of antibiotic susceptibility,capsular polysaccharide production,and mucoviscosity[3].Intra-host evolution drives novel resistance via cumulative mutations(e.g.,the transcriptional regulator gene ramR mutations and the outer membrane porin gene OmpK35 loss)[4].However,the population dynamics and evolution of pathogenic K.pneumoniae within hosts remain poorly characterized.In this study,we analyzed a series of K.pneumoniae strains from a patient enduring persistent infection with K.pneumoniae via whole-genome sequencing(WGS)and revealed their intra-host population dynamics from a quasispecies perspective.