摘要目的 探讨地震灾区震后老年人的主观幸福感和应对方式状况及其相互关系,为政府解决老年人相关问题和灾后老年人心理护理提供理论依据.方法 用主观幸福感量表(MUNSH)和应对方式问卷对101名地震灾区老年人的主观幸福感和应对方式状况进行调查,并对主观幸福感与应对方式的关系进行相关性分析.结果 地震灾区老年人主观幸福感总分为(34.35±10.66)分,正性情感和体验得分高于负性情感和体验;应对方式中解决问题和求助因子得分最高;主观幸福感的总分和正性因子分均与解决问题、求助呈正相关(P＜0.01),主观幸福感的总分与幻想、退避、自责和合理化均呈负相关(P＜0.05).结论 地震灾区震后老年人中大部分人采用成熟型应对方式,幸福感较强.应重视采取不成熟应对方式的少部分人,帮助其改变应对方式,以提高主观幸福感.

abstractsObjective To explore the subjective well-being (SWB) and coping methods of the elderly in the earthquake-stricken areas and the correlations between them, and to provide theoretic basis for the government to solve the related problems of older persons and post-disaster psychological nursing. Methods A total of 101 old persons in earthquake-stricken area were investigated with MUNSH and Coping Methods Questionnaire, and the correlated analysis between them was performed. Results The mean score of the old persons' SWB in the earthquake-stricken areas was (34.35 ± 10.66). The mean scores in PA and PE were higher than those in NA and NE. Among the factors of coping methods, solving problems and seeking assistance were the highest. The old persons' SWE and positive factors ( PA and PE) were positively correlated to the factors of solving problems and seeking assistance respectively ( P ＜ 0.01 ), and the SWE were negatively correlated to fantasy, retreating, self-blaming and rationalizing ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions Most of the elderly in earthquake-stricken areas adopted mature coping methods and comparatively had better subjective well-being. Great attention should be paid to those who adopted immature copying methods in order to improve their SWB.