摘要目的 了解护士共情疲劳相关性情感体验和压力症状的发生、发展与消退情况,以及应对策略.方法 采用立意抽样结合滚雪球抽样法,运用半结构式访谈法对47名正在或曾经在临床一线工作过的注册护士进行深度访谈,运用主题分析法进行分析.结果 情感体验方面提取2个主题,正性情感和负性情感,前者提取了快乐、精神振奋、兴趣、自我价值感、专业成就感和职业自豪感6个亚主题;负性情感提取了同情、悲伤、抑郁情绪、烦躁、自责、无力感、情感麻木、恐惧和焦虑9个亚主题.应对策略方面提取了情绪宣泄、认知重建和行动促进3个主题.结论 护士对共情疲劳缺少基本认知,共情疲劳对护士工作和生活会产生不同程度的影响,国内医院管理者对共情疲劳的识别和预防干预策略需要重视和加强.

abstractsObjective To explore how the emotional experience and stress symptoms associated with compassion fatigue emerges,develops and subsides,as well as their coping strategy for compassion fatigue. Methods By purposive sampling integrating with snowball sampling method,semi-structured reviews with open-ended questions were conducted among 47 registered nurses who are working or have ever being in clinical frontline department to gain their in-depth views about compassion fatigue. Theme analysis was used to analyze the data.Results In emotional experience,two main themes were extracted:positive and negative emotion. Six subthemes including happy,high spirits,interests,sense of self-value,sense of achievement and occupational pride were extracted from positive emotion. While nine subthemes including compassion,grief,depressed mood,irritability,guilty,powerlessness,apathy,fear and anxiety were extracted from the negative emotion. Conclusions Clinical nurses are lack of basic knowledge about compassion fatigue,and their work and life are influenced by compassion fatigue. It should be emphasized and enhanced that domestic hospital administrators should identify and take precaution against compassion fatigue.