摘要目的:观察中药熏洗结合新型护理模式对妇科肿瘤放疗患者肛周水肿的改善效果。方法:采用便利抽样法，选择2019年5月—2020年2月在江苏省肿瘤医院放疗科住院治疗的128例妇科肿瘤放疗患者为研究对象，依据入院时间段划分为干预组和对照组，每组各64例。对照组采用常规治疗及护理，干预组在常规治疗及护理的基础上，实施中药熏洗配合以肛周全程观察、健康宣教处方、心理护理干预、功能康复锻炼、肛周护理随访等新型护理模式。比较两组患者肛周水肿范围评分、肛周水肿程度评分、肛门坠胀感评分、疼痛数字评分法（NRS）评分、血红细胞计数、血红蛋白浓度，以及护理满意度等指标。结果:两组各有2例患者因病情严重自动出院而终止研究，两组各62例患者完成研究。干预后，干预组肛周水肿范围、肛周水肿程度小于对照组，差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）；干预组肛门坠胀评分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。干预后，干预组NRS评分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）；干预组血红蛋白浓度高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）；两组患者红细胞计数比较差异无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。干预组患者对护理工作满意度得分为（23.89±4.21）分，高于对照组的（21.18±5.08）分，差异均有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。 结论:中药熏洗结合新型护理模式可改善患者肛周水肿的程度和范围，减轻患者肛门坠胀感及疼痛，提高患者的满意度，应在临床加以推广应用。

abstractsObjective:To explore the effects of traditional Chinese medical fumigation and washing combined with new nursing models on perianal edema in patients receiving radiotherapy for gynecological tumors.Methods:Totally128 patients who received radiotherapy for gynecological tumors in the Department of Radiotherapy at Jiangsu Cancer Hospital from May 2019 to February 2020 were selected and divided into the intervention group and the control group by convenient sampling, with 64 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received routine treatment and care, while patients in the intervention group received traditional Chinese medical fumigation and washing combined with new nursing models such as perianal observation, health education prescription, psychological nursing intervention, functional rehabilitation exercise, and perianal nursing follow-up. The scores of perianal edema extent, degree of perianal edema, sense of swelling and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) as well as red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:Two patients in each group terminated the study due to their severe illness, and totally 62 patients in each group completed the study. After intervention, the extent and degree of perianal edema in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) ; the anal swelling score of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) ; the NRS score of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) ; the hemoglobin concentration of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) ; the red blood cell counts of the two groups were not significantly different ( P>0.05) . The nursing satisfaction score in the intervention group was (23.89±4.21) , which was higher than (21.18±5.08) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Traditional Chinese medical fumigation and washing combined with new nursing models can ameliorate the degree and extent of perianal edema and sense of swelling and pain in patients, and improve their satisfaction, which is worth promoting in clinical practice.