摘要目的:探讨早期视嗅觉刺激对经鼻蝶垂体瘤切除患者术后嗅觉功能恢复的作用效果。方法:采用便利抽样法，于2018年1—12月选取哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院收治的78例垂体瘤患者，按住院单双号随机分成观察组和对照组，每组各39例。对照组给予常规围手术期护理，观察组给予早期视嗅觉刺激，包括磁共振嗅觉刺激、室内嗅觉刺激、视觉想象刺激。观察并比较两组垂体瘤患者嗅觉功能、鼻腔功能及睡眠效果。结果:术后1周、术后1个月观察组患者嗅觉功能得分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）；术后1周、术后1个月观察组患者鼻腔功能得分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）；观察组患者术后1周、术后1个月的夜间睡眠时间多于对照组，觉醒频次低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。 结论:早期视嗅觉刺激充分利用视觉、嗅觉等感官刺激为经鼻蝶垂体瘤切除患者提供专项护理，有利于经鼻蝶垂体瘤切除患者嗅觉快速恢复，减轻鼻腔症状，改善术后睡眠。

abstractsObjective:To explore the early visual and olfactory stimulation on the recovery of olfactory function in patients after transsphenoidal resection for pituitary tumors.Methods:Between January and December 2018, totally 78 pituitary tumors admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were selected by convenient sampling and randomly divided into the observation group and control group according to odd or even admission numbers, with 39 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received routine perioperative care, while patients in the observation group received early visual and olfactory stimulations, including MR olfactory stimulation, indoor olfactory stimulation, and visual imagination stimulation. The olfactory function, nasal function and sleep effect were observed and compared between two groups of patients with pituitary tumors.Results:The olfactory function scores of the observation group at 1 week and 1 month after the operation were lower than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) ; the nasal function scores of the observation group at 1 week and 1 month after the operation were lower than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) ; the sleep time of the observation at 1 week and 1 month after the operation was higher than that of the control group, and the frequency of wakefulness was lower than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Early visual and olfactory stimulation makes full use of sensory stimulation such as vision and smell to provide special care for patients undergoing transsphenoidal resection for pituitary tumors, which is conducive to the rapid recovery of the sense of smell of patients, reducing nasal symptoms and improving postoperative sleep.