摘要目的:了解我国伤口造口失禁专科护士的使用及管理现状，为进一步完善专科护士的使用及管理提供依据。方法:采用方便抽样法，于2018年12月—2019年1月对全国21个省级护理学会及12所国际造口治疗师学校培养的1 020名伤口造口失禁专科护士进行问卷调查。在文献回顾的基础上自行设计伤口造口失禁专科护士工作现状调查问卷，该问卷分为一般资料、工作现状和医院管理情况3个部分，共33个条目。课题组通过与全国12所国际造口治疗师学校负责人及全国21个省级护理学会伤口造口失禁专业委员会主任委员进行沟通，获得知情同意后，推送电子问卷链接，由各学校负责人及主任委员将电子问卷发至相应专科护士。结果:本次调查收回问卷1 020份，剔除无效问卷，共回收有效问卷885份。81.5%（721/885）的护士兼职从事专科工作，其中临床专科护理、护理会诊、疑难病例讨论、护理查房是专科护士主要承担的工作。在教育方面，专科护士主要承担了患者健康教育、继续教育项目授课、院内专科护士培训授课等工作。在科研方面，承担科研课题者占40.8%（361/885），以第一作者或通讯作者发表论文者占41.2%（365/885）。在专科咨询方面，主要有其他护理人员、患者或家属、医生向专科护士咨询专科问题。在专业促进方面，专科护士组织专科学习、参与标准制定并在专业委员会任职。伤口造口失禁专科护士在工作中存在管理层面支持以及知识技能不足等方面的困难。37.1%（328/885）的专科护士所在医院无伤口造口失禁专科护士相关规章制度。结论:伤口造口失禁专科护士在多方面发挥重要作用，其角色发展受到制约，应给予专科护士更多时间、空间、培训及管理层面的支持，亟需完善专科护士岗位管理，健全相关规章制度，促进伤口造口失禁专科护士的职业发展。

abstractsObjective:To understand the current situation of use and management of wound, ostomy and continence specialist nurses in China, and provide a basis for further improving the use and management of specialist nurses.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 020 wound, ostomy and continence specialist nurses trained by 21 provincial nursing societies and 12 international enterostomal therapist schools across China from December 2018 to January 2019. On the basis of literature review, we designed the Questionnaire of Work Status of Specialist Nurses of Wound Ostomy Incontinence, which was divided into three parts: general information, work status and hospital management with 33 items in total. The research group communicated with the leaders of 12 international stomatological therapists schools and the chairman of the professional committee of wound stomatological incontinence of 21 provincial nursing societies in China. After informed consent was obtained, the electronic questionnaire link was pushed and sent to the corresponding specialist nurses by the leaders and chairman of each school.Results:In this survey, 1 020 questionnaires were collected and invalid questionnaires were eliminated. A total of 885 valid questionnaires were collected. 81.5% (721/885) of nurses were engaged in specialized work part-time, among which clinical specialized nursing, nursing consultation, difficult case discussion and nursing ward round were the main work undertaken by specialist nurses. In terms of education, specialized nurses mainly undertake the work of health education for patients, teaching of continuing education projects and training and teaching of in-hospital specialized nurses. In terms of scientific research, 40.8% (361/885) of specialized nurses undertook scientific research projects and 41.2% (365/885) of specialized nurses published papers as the first author or corresponding author. In terms of specialist consultation, other nursing staff , patients or family members and doctors consulted specialist nurses for specialist questions. In terms of professional promotion, specialist nurses organized specialist studies, participated in standard setting and served on professional committees. Wound, ostomy and continence specialist nurses had difficulties in management support and lack of knowledge and skills. The hospitals where 37.1% (328/885) specialized nurses worked had no relevant rules and regulations for wound, ostomy and continence specialist nurses.Conclusions:Wound, ostomy and continence specialist nurses play an important role in many aspects and their role development is restricted. It is necessary to give more time, space, training and management support to specialist nurses. It is urgent to improve the job management of specialist nurses, improve relevant rules and regulations and promote the professional development of wound, ostomy and continence specialist nurses.