摘要目的:编制临床护士额外任务负荷量表并检验其信效度。方法:基于工作需求-控制模型，在文献检索与质性访谈的基础上，通过德尔菲专家函询、预调查形成初量表。于2023年9月选取新乡医学院第一附属医院和新乡市中心医院的813名临床护士调查，用于进行信效度检验。2023年10月选取新乡医学院第一附属医院和新乡市中心医院的1 050名临床护士进行调查，并检验量表的信效度水平。结果:最终形成的临床护士额外任务负荷量表包括2个维度，共12个条目。条目水平的内容效度指数为0.86～1.00，量表水平的内容效度指数为0.84；探索式因子分析共提取出2个公因子，累计方差贡献率为74.55%。验证性因子分析结果显示，χ 2/ df为1.613， GFI为0.928， CFI为0.971， NFI为0.928， IFI为0.971， RMSEA为0.024；工作环境需求维度Cronbach's α系数为0.897，个体行为限制Cronbach's α系数为0.955，总量表Cronbach's α系数为0.950，分半信度为0.850。 结论:本研究所编制的临床护士额外任务负荷量表具有良好的信效度水平，可用于评估和量化临床护士额外任务负荷的程度。

abstractsObjective:To develop the Clinical Nurse Extra Task Load Scale and test its reliability and validity.Methods:Based on the job demand-control model, a primary scale was formed through literature search and qualitative interviews, as well as Delphi consultation and pre-survey. In September 2023, 813 clinical nurses from First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University and Xinxiang Central Hospital were selected for reliability and validity testing. In October 2023, 1 050 clinical nurses from First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University and Xinxiang Central Hospital were selected for investigation, and the reliability and validity of the scale were tested.Results:The final Clinical Nurse Extra Task Load Scale included two dimensions and a total of 12 items. The item-level content validity index was 0.86 to 1.00, and the scale-level content validity index was 0.84. Exploratory factor analysis extracted two common factors, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 74.55%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that χ 2/ df was 1.613, GFI was 0.928, CFI was 0.971, NFI was 0.928, IFI was 0.971, and RMSEA was 0.024. Cronbach's α coefficient of the work environment demand dimension was 0.897, Cronbach's α coefficient of individual behavior restriction was 0.955, Cronbach's α coefficient of the total scale was 0.950, and the split-half reliability was 0.850. Conclusions:The Clinical Nurse Extra Task Load Scale developed has a good reliability and validity, and can be used to evaluate and quantify the extra task load for clinical nurses.