摘要目的:构建2型糖尿病（T2DM）专家型患者培养方案，为T2DM教育及管理提供参考。方法:以冰山素质模型为指导，基于文献分析、质性访谈形成培养方案初稿。采用便利抽样法，于2024年3—4月选取22名专家进行2轮德尔菲专家函询，根据专家意见讨论修改形成培养方案终稿。结果:2轮专家函询问卷的有效回收率分别为100.00%（22/22）、95.45%（21/22）；专家的权威系数均为0.905；肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.110～0.293、0.139～0.301（ P<0.05）。最终形成的培养方案包括培养内容、考核评价、培养师资、培养时间、培养方式五大模块。 结论:构建的T2DM专家型患者培养方案具有科学性、可靠性和全面性，可为下一步进行T2DM专家型患者培养提供指引。

abstractsObjective:To construct a training program for expert patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), so as to provide reference for T2DM education and management.Methods:Guided by the iceberg quality model, a preliminary training program was developed based on literature analysis and qualitative interviews. Using convenience sampling method, 22 experts were selected for two rounds of Delphi expert consultation from March to April 2024, and the final draft of the training program was discussed and revised based on the experts' opinions.Results:In the two rounds of expert consultation, the effective response rates of the questionnaire were 100.00% (22/22) and 95.45% (21/22), respectively, and the authority coefficient of the experts was all 0.905. The Kendall harmony coefficients ranged from 0.110 to 0.293 and 0.139 to 0.301, respectively ( P<0.05). The finalized training program included five modules of training content, assessment evaluation, training instructors, training time, and training forms. Conclusions:The constructed training program for expert patients with T2DM is scientific, reliable, and comprehensive, which can provide guidance for the next step of T2DM expert patient training.