摘要目的:通过Meta分析评价优化营养干预护理对口腔癌患者术后营养状况及并发症的效果。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、ProQuest、Embase、中国知网、万方数据库、维普网中营养干预对口腔癌手术患者干预效果的随机对照试验，检索时限均为建库至2025年2月15日。由2名评价人员独立筛选文献、提取资料与评价文献质量后，采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果:最终纳入19篇文献，共纳入1 384例口腔癌手术患者。Meta分析结果显示，优化营养干预有助于提高口腔癌手术患者术后的白蛋白水平（ SMD=1.55，95% CI：1.04~2.05， P<0.01）、前白蛋白水平（ SMD=1.10，95% CI：0.73~1.46， P<0.01）、血红蛋白水平（ SMD=0.94，95% CI：0.26~1.62， P<0.01），降低患者术后感染发生率（ OR=0.24，95% CI：0.12~0.47， P<0.01）、术后胃肠相关并发症（ OR=0.35，95% CI：0.23~0.53， P<0.01），以及缩短住院天数（ MD=-3.16，95% CI：-4.43~-1.89， P<0.01）。 结论:优化营养干预能够提高口腔癌手术患者的营养状况，减少术后相关并发症，缩短住院时间，帮助患者更好恢复。

abstractsObjective:To evaluate, through a Meta-analysis, the effects of optimized nutritional intervention nursing on postoperative nutritional status and complications in patients undergoing oral cancer surgery.Methods:Randomized controlled trials on the effects of nutritional intervention in oral cancer surgical patients were systematically searched from PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and VIP from their inception to February 15, 2025. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan version 5.4 software.Results:A total of 19 studies involving 1 384 oral cancer surgical patients were included. The Meta-analysis indicated that optimized nutritional intervention contributed to higher postoperative serum albumin levels (standardized mean difference [ SMD=1.55, 95% CI (1.04, 2.05), P<0.01], prealbumin levels [ SMD=1.10, 95% CI (0.73, 1.46), P<0.01], and hemoglobin levels [ SMD=0.94, 95% CI (0.26, 1.62), P<0.01]. Meanwhile, it was associated with a lower incidence of postoperative infection [ OR=0.24, 95% CI (0.12, 0.47), P<0.01] and postoperative gastrointestinal complications [ OR=0.35, 95% CI (0.23, 0.53), P<0.01], as well as shorter hospital stays [ MD=-3.16, 95% CI (-4.43, -1.89), P<0.01]. Conclusions:Optimized nutritional intervention can improve the postoperative nutritional status of patients undergoing oral cancer surgery, reduce related postoperative complications, shorten hospital stay, and facilitate better recovery.