摘要呼吸道合胞病毒(respiratory syncytial virus，RSV)是新生儿病毒性肺炎中最常见的病原之一，多见于晚期新生儿，其临床表现多样，主要以咳嗽、气促、喘憋为主，重症患儿可出现急性呼吸衰竭及心力衰竭等并发症。目前尚无针对RSV的特效治疗，以对症支持治疗为主。新生儿免疫功能低下，早产儿较足月儿感染RSV的风险更高，此外，RSV感染可能与患儿日后咳喘反复发作及支气管哮喘相关。由于RSV传染性强，易引起院内感染，甚至暴发流行，故需高度重视。

abstractsRespiratory syncytial virus(RSV) is one of the most common pathogens causing viral pneumonia in neonates, especially among late neonates.Multiple clinical manifestations can be observed, such as cough, shortness of breath, and wheezing, with complications of heart failure or respiratory distress in severe cases.There is no specific treatment for RSV infection, thus current regimen is mainly supportive therapy focusing on symptoms.Premature infants are at higher risk of RSV infection than full-term infants given their immunocompromised status.In addition, an RSV infection history is a potential risk factor for future episodes of wheezing and bronchial asthma.A nosocomial spread of RSV may lead to an outbreak due to its high contagiousness therefore requiring utmost attention.