摘要肝内胆管癌(ICC)是肝脏第二常见的原发性恶性肿瘤,其发病率和病死率均呈逐年上升趋势.尽管近年来ICC诊断与治疗措施不断进步,但总体疗效不佳.高度异质性及侵袭转移特性是决定ICC预后的主要原因.对ICC侵袭转移机制的深入研究有望为优化临床决策提供帮助.新一代测序等先进技术的应用增进了研究者对ICC异质性及侵袭转移特性的理解.研究发现ICC的基因表达异常(基因突变、融合基因形成及基因表达调控通路的异常)及微RNA表达失调与ICC细胞增殖、侵袭转移密切相关.此外,ICC通常以致密的增生性基质为特征,其中肿瘤相关性肌成纤维细胞(CAFs)是主要的细胞成分,在诱导上皮-间充质转换、促进恶性细胞侵袭转移乃至加速ICC进展中发挥重要作用.

abstractsIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary hepatic malignancy with an increasing incidence and mortality in recent years.Despite advanced improvements in its diagnosis and therapy,the prognosis for ICC patients remains poor.High heterogeneity and malignant biological behavior are the main factors determining the prognosis of ICC.An in-depth study of the mechanism of ICC invasion and metastasis is expected to help optimizing clinical decision-making.The application of advanced technologies such as next-generation sequencing has enhanced the researchers' understanding of heterogeneity of ICC and characteristics of invasion and metastasis.Studies have found that ICC gene expression abnormalities (gene mutations,fusion gene formation,and abnormalities in gene expression regulatory pathways) and microRNA expression disorders are closely related to ICC cell proliferation,invasion and metastasis.In addition,ICC is usually characterized by a dense desmoplastic stroma,in which cancer-associated myofibroblasts are the major cellular components and play an important role in inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition,promoting malignant cell invasion and metastasis,and even accelerating ICC progression.