摘要目的:探讨腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术非离断式Roux-en-Y和Roux-en-Y吻合的临床疗效。方法:采用倾向评分匹配及回顾性队列研究方法。收集2017年1月至2019年5月空军军医大学第一附属医院收治的194例行腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术患者的临床病理资料；男130例，女64例；年龄为(57±10)岁，年龄范围为27～78岁。194例患者中，62例行腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术，消化道重建采用非离断式Roux-en-Y吻合，设为非离断组；132例行腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术，消化道重建采用Roux-en-Y吻合，设为传统组。观察指标：(1)倾向评分匹配情况及匹配后两组患者一般资料比较。(2)术中和术后情况。(3)随访情况。采用门诊和电话方式进行随访。随访内容为患者Roux潴留综合征(RSS)发生情况、肿瘤复发、再次入院和生存情况。随访时间为术后3个月和6个月。倾向性评分匹配按1∶1最近邻匹配法匹配。正态分布的计量资料以 ± s表示，组间比较采用 t检验。偏态分布的计量资料以 M(范围)表示。计数资料以绝对数表示，组间比较采用 χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法，等级资料组间比较采用非参数秩和检验。 结果:(1)倾向评分匹配情况及匹配后两组患者一般资料比较：194例患者中，104例(非离断组和传统组各52例)配对成功。非离断组和传统组倾向评分匹配前患者的年龄(≤60岁、>60岁)分别为43例、19例和63例、69例，美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级(Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级)分别为27例、28例、7例和24例、92例、16例，两组比较，差异均有统计学意义( χ2＝1.279， Z＝2.818， P<0.05)；经倾向评分匹配后两组上述指标分别为33例、19例和34例、18例，20例、25例、7例和15例、33例、4例，两组比较，差异均无统计学意义( χ2＝0.000， Z＝0.500， P>0.05)。(2)术中和术后情况：104例患者均成功施行腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术，达到R 0切除，无术中并发症发生，无中转开腹。倾向评分匹配后非离断组和传统组患者消化道重建时间分别为(41±10)min和(52±15)min，两组比较，差异有统计学意义( t＝4.511， P<0.05)。(3)随访情况：104例患者均获得随访。随访时间为术后3个月和6个月。非离断组和传统组患者术后3个月RSS发生率分别为0和30.8%(16/52)，两者比较，差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。术后6个月RSS发生率分别为0、9.6%(5/52)，两者比较，差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。104例患者无肿瘤复发、无再次入院、无术后30 d内死亡或与癌症相关死亡情况。 结论:非离断式Roux-en-Y吻合在腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术中安全、可行，可缩短消化道重建时间，减少术后3个月RSS发生率。

abstractsObjective:To explore the clinical effects of uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis versus Roux-en-Y anastomosis in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy.Methods:The propensity score matching and retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 194 patients who underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from January 2017 to May 2019 were collected. There were 130 males and 64 females, aged (57±10)years, with a range from 27 to 78 years. Of 194 patients, 62 undergoing uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis digestive tract reconstruction in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy and 132 undergoing Roux-en-Y anastomosis digestive tract reconstruction in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy were allocated into uncut group and traditional group, respectively. Observation indicators: (1) the propensity score matching conditions and comparison of general data between the two groups after propensity score matching; (2) intraoperative and postoperative situations; (3) follow-up. Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was conducted at the postoperative 3 months and 6 months to detect Roux stasis syndrome (RSS), tumor recurrence, readmission, and survival of patients. The propensity score matching was conducted by 1∶1 matching using the nearest neighbor method. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was done using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M (range). Count data were represented as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test Fisher exact probability. Comparison of ordinal data between groups was analyzed using the nonparametric rank sum test. Results:(1) The propensity score matching conditions and comparison of general data between the two groups after propensity score matching: 104 of 194 patients had successful matching, including 52 in the uncut group and 52 in the traditional group respectively. Before propensity score matching, cases with age ≤60 years or >60 years, cases in stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ of American Society of Anesthesiologists were 43, 19, 27, 28, 7 for the uncut group, respectively, versus 63, 69, 24, 92, 16 for the traditional group, showing significant differences between the two groups ( χ2=1.279, Z=2.818, P<0.05). After propensity score matching, the above indicators were 33, 19, 20, 25, 7 for the uncut group, versus 34, 18, 15, 33, 4 for the traditional group, showing no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=0.000, Z=0.500, P>0.05). (2) Intraoperative and postoperative situations: 104 patients underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy successfully and received R 0 resection, without intraoperative complications or conversion to open surgery. After propensity score matching, the time of digestive tract reconstruction was (41±10)minutes for the uncut group, versus (52±15)minutes for the traditional group, showing a significant difference between the two groups ( t=4.511, P<0.05). (3) Follow-up: 104 patients were followed up at the postoperative 3 months and 6 months. The incidence of RSS at the postoperative 3 months was 0 for the uncut group, versus 30.8%(16/52) for the traditional group, showing a significant difference between the two groups ( P<0.05). The incidence of RSS at the postoperative 6 months was 0 for the uncut group, versus 9.6%(5/52) for the traditional group, showing no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). There was no tumor recurrence, readmission, death within postoperative 30 days, or cancer-related death in the 104 patients. Conclusion:Uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis is safe and feasible in the laparoscopic distal gastrectomy, which can effectively shorten the time of digestive tract reconstruction and reduce the occurrence of RSS after 3 months surgery.