摘要目的 按以任务为基础学习(task based learning,TBL)教学方法设计任务明确的课外复习活动,培养学生的自主学习能力,提高学生的学习效果.方法以海南医学院2005级本科临床医学专业、医学检验、口腔医学、医学影像学和预防医学专业473名学生为研究对象.其中,99名学生自愿加入实验组,除接受传统课堂教学外,在两名教师的引导下,于课外进行病理学复习活动.其他374名学生为对照组,按传统教学方法进行教学,课外以自我复习为主.对两组学生的病理学理论考试成绩进行比较,并在活动结束后对实验组学生进行无记名问卷调查.对调查数据采用卡方检验和等级相关的统计学方法.结果 ①实验组学生的病理学理论考试平均分、及格率、优秀率均明显高于对照组学生,其差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).②问卷调查结果显示:实验组学生小组活动认真程度(P ＝0.021)、学生参与复习活动多少(P＝0.000)和其参加活动的认真程度(P＝0.05)均与学生的成绩密切相关,且其参与程度与其成绩呈正相关(r＝0.280,P＝0.005).而学生个人习惯采用的学习方法与其成绩无关.学生自学能力、沟通能力和自信心在学习中得到提高,同时,学会了合作和分享.结论 在现有医学教育课程体系下,TBL教学方法可以有效地提高学生的自主学习能力和学习效果.

abstractsObjective To train students' self-study ability and improve their learning effect and capacity by organizing extracurricular self-study activity which definitely aimed at pathology knowledge study according to task based learning (TBL) principle.Methods Grade 2005,473 undergraduate students who came from clinical medicine,laboratory medicine,dentistry,image medicine and preventive medicine,were learning pathology at that time.Among them,99 students took part in the extracurricular activity voluntarily.They composed the experimental group,and remaining 374 students outside of activity were as control.The effect of self-review activity evaluated by:①Comparison of pathology examination between experimental and control group (student's t-test) ; ②Anonymous questionnaire after activity was made to experimental group.All data from questionnaire were processed with chi-square criterion and rank correlation.Results ①The experimental group got higher average marks,pass percent and superiority ratio than control group did ( P ＜ 0.05 ).②The data from questionnaire shown that:the students got higher marks if they took part in the activity more(P ＝0.000) and active(P ＝0.05),and the group works where they were in were more graveness(P ＝0.021 ).The students' self-study and communication ability were improved by taking this activity.They were more self-confidence,easily cooperation and willing share.Conclusions TBL can improve students' self-study ability and learning effect.