摘要棘阿米巴角膜炎(AK)是一种严重的致盲角膜病，起病隐匿，临床表现主要为眼表刺激症状、角膜浸润和溃疡，如未得到及时合理诊疗可引起患者视力损害。AK早期体征不典型，临床医生和患者目前对该病的认知尚不足，易误诊或漏诊，造成患眼视力不可逆损害，影响患者视觉质量和生活质量。目前国内外对AK的诊断和治疗尚缺少统一、规范的方案，导致治疗效果不明确，治疗方法不统一。中国医师协会眼科医师分会眼感染学组组织国内眼感染和角膜病专家对我国AK诊疗中存在的问题进行广泛调查和归纳，并在大量检索和复习国内外相关文献的基础上，采用德尔菲法联合面对面讨论的方法，结合我国相关专家的临床实践和经验，就AK的流行病学、发病危险因素、病原学及其发病机制、诊断和鉴别诊断、治疗方案及其流程等问题进行认真讨论，形成本专家共识意见，以指导和规范AK的诊治工作。

abstractsAcanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a serious blinding corneal disease with a concealed onset.Clinical symptoms of AK are mainly characterized by irritation, corneal infiltration, and ulceration.Without timely and reasonable diagnosis and treatment, AK will cause visual impairment.AK is often misdiagnosed or over looked due to atypical early signs and insufficient knowledge of AK among clinicians and patients.These result in irreversible visual damage, which affects patients' quality of vision and life.At present, there is no unified and standardized protocol worldwide for the diagnosis and treatment of AK, resulting in unclear treatment outcomes with inconsistent therapeutic methods.Based on extensive investigations and summaries of the problems in the diagnosis and treatment of AK in China and a large number of relevant literature worldwide reviewed, Chinese expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis (2023) was formulated by the Ocular Infection Group of Chinese Ophthalmologist Association and related domestic experts in corneal diseases.This consensus uses the Delphi method, face-to-face meeting and clinical experience of relevant Chinese experts to provide recommendations on the epidemiology, risk factors, etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and processes of diagnosis and treatment of AK.This expert consensus was formed to guide and further standardize the diagnosis and treatment of AK.