摘要目的:探讨视觉发育关键期内单眼形觉剥夺(MD)对小鼠初级视皮层神经调节蛋白1(NRG1) ＋和NRG1 -的小清蛋白(PV)神经元分布密度的影响。 方法:选取28日龄雄性SPF级C57BL/6J小鼠12只，采用随机数字表法分为MD组和对照组，每组6只，MD组于出生后第28天(P28)时行右眼MD，饲养至P32，对照组常规饲养至P32，所有小鼠均心脏灌注后断颈处死并迅速取出脑组织，固定过夜后切取视皮层组织，并进行PV和NRG1免疫荧光染色，分别观察并比较MD组小鼠两侧以及对照组小鼠初级视皮层PV ＋、PV ＋/NRG1 ＋和PV ＋/NRG1 -神经元分布密度的差异。 结果:免疫荧光染色结果显示，对照组、MD组对侧V1区和MD组同侧V1区PV ＋神经元密度分别为(137.8±4.3)、(108.8±4.1)和(137.4±4.0)/mm 2，PV ＋/NRG1 ＋神经元密度分别为(112.0±4.6)、(82.1±4.7)和(113.6±5.7)/mm 2，总体比较差异均有统计学意义( F＝15.88、12.53，均 P<0.001)，其中MD组对侧V1区PV ＋神经元密度和PV ＋/NRG1 ＋神经元密度明显低于对照组和MD组同侧V1区，差异均有统计学意义(均 P<0.001)。各组PV ＋/NRG1 -神经元密度总体比较，差异无统计学意义( F＝0.20， P>0.05)。 结论:NRG1 ＋的PV神经元可能是调控关键期初级视皮层发育的主要细胞类型。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the effect of monocular form deprivation (MD) on the distribution density of neuregulin-1 (NRG1) + and NRG1 - parvalbumin (PV) neurons in the primary visual cortex of mice during the critical period of visual development. Methods:Twelve healthy 28-day-old SPF male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group and MD group by the random number table method, with 6 mice in each group.After MD on postnatal day (P) 28, the MD group was fed until P32, while the control group was fed normally until P32.All mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation after cardiac perfusion, and brain tissues were quickly collected.After fixation overnight, brain slices were subjected to PV and NRG1 immunofluorescence staining to observe and compare the differences in the distribution density of PV + , PV + /NRG1 + and PV + /NRG1 - neurons in both sides of the primary visual cortex (V1) area of the two groups.This study was conducted in accordance with the Regulations on the Administration of Experimental Animals (2017 Revision), and the study protocol was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Tianjin Medical University (No.TMUaMEC2022004). Results:Immunofluorescence staining showed that the density of PV + and PV + /NRG1 + neurons was (137.8±4.3), (108.8±4.1), (137.4±4.0)/mm 2 in the contralateral V1 area of the control group, MD group and the ipsilateral V1 area of the MD group, and that of PV + /NRG1 + neurons was (112.0±4.6), (82.1±4.7) and (113.6±5.7)/mm 2, respectively, with statistically significant overall differences ( F=15.88, 12.53; both P<0.001).PV + neuron density and PV + /NRG1 + neuron density in the contralateral V1 area of the MD group were significantly lower than in the control group and in the ipsilateral V1 area of the MD group (all P<0.001).There was no difference in PV + /NRG1 - neuron density between the two groups ( F=0.20, P>0.05). Conclusions:PV + /NRG1 + neurons may be the main cell type regulating the development of primary visual cortex during the critical period.