摘要Objective: To study the antibacterial efficacy of Bixa orellana leaves and deseeded fruit capsule extracts against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Methods: The antibacterial activity of the ethanolic, methanolic, acetone and dimethyl sulphoxide extracts of B. orellana were tested against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus cereus and Staphylococus aureus by disc diffusion method. Results: The antibacterial activity of leaf was more pronounced even at low concentrations and fruit extracts exhibited the same at relatively higher concentrations. Only DMSO extract of seeds showed growth inhibition of S. aureus, B. subtilis, B. cereus, and P. aeruginosa. Conclusions: The present study suggested that the leaves and deseeded capsule extracts of B. orellana possess significant antibacterial activity thereby providing substantial support for the ethanobotanical applications of this plant.