摘要目的 探讨婴幼儿主观认知视力可测性年龄的发生以及视力随月龄增长的变化规律.方法 采用横断研究设计,以随机顺序对264名正常婴幼儿用带围栏的HOTV视频和由电脑控制的闭路式强化优先注视法(COPL)进行单眼视力检测及影响因素调查.采用配对t检验、独立样本t检验、Pearson相关、直线回归及Logistic回归对数据进行分析.结果 26％的婴幼儿自24月龄开始接受主观认知视力检测,至46月龄时,已达到100％;24月龄右眼和左眼的平均主观视力分别为4.86±0.05和4.88±0.08,至46月龄时均达5.0.左右眼间主观视力值比较,差异无统计学意义,男女间的主观视力值差异无统计学意义.主观视力与月龄呈正相关关系(r=0.526,P＜0.01),主观视力((Y))与月龄(X)之间的直线回归方程为(Y)=4.699+0.006X.应用Logistic回归分析,发现母亲教育背景(B=0.460,P=0.05)、小儿受教育程度(B=0.386,P＜0.01)对主观视力检测配合度的影响具有显著性.结论 电脑控制的带围栏的HOTV认知视标检测系统为观察婴幼儿主观视力可测性的发生及其演绎提供了一种方法,婴幼儿主观视力检测应根据婴幼儿的年龄、认知水平选择不同的方式进行.

abstractsObjective To investigate the onset age for measuring acuity and the evolution of subjective acuity in normal young children. Methods Using a cross-sectional study design, the monocular acuity of 264 normal young children was measured using the crowded HOTV video and the Closed-Circuit Operant Preferential Looking System (COPL) in random order controlled by computer.Influential factors were assessed.Data were analyzed with paired t test,independent samples t test,Pearson correlation, linear regression and logistic regression.Results In the study, young children began to recognize subjective visual symbols (26％) at 24 months.The measurement of subjective acuity in young children reached 100％ at 46 months.In 24-month-old children,the subjective acuity of the right eyes was 4.86±0.05 and it was 4.88±0.08 for left eyes.In 46-month-old children,subjective acuity was 5.0 for both right and left eyes.There were no significant differences between left eye and right eye,and also between males and females in subjective visual acuity.Subjective visual acuity was positive correlated with month age (r=0.526,P＜0.01).The regression linear equation between subjective visual acuity ((Y)) and month age (X) was (Y)=4.699+0.006X.According to logistic regression analysis,the education background of the mother (B=0.460,P=0.05) and the education background of the child (B=0.386,P＜0.01 ) were the significant influential factors.Conclusion This study suggests that the crowded HOTV recognition symbol system controlled by computer provided a method for investigating the onset of the subjective development of vision in young children.This study reveals that the subjective acuity of young children can be measured according to the age and cognition level of the child.