摘要目的：:比较近视儿童配戴离焦设计框架眼镜（PMDSL）和角膜塑形镜（OK镜）12个月后眼轴长度的变化量。方法：:回顾性研究。连续性纳入2020年6月至2021年6月在郑州大学第一附属医院眼科所有验配PMDSL（149例）和OK镜（152例）的6~14岁儿童，近视度数为-6.00~-1.00 D，随访12个月。根据年龄（6~10、>10~14岁）和近视度数（-6.00~<-3.00 D、-3.00~-1.00 D）分为4个亚组。采用 t检验和多元线性回归分析比较PMDSL组和OK镜组及4个亚组眼轴增长的变化量。 结果：:戴镜12个月，PMDSL组和OK镜组的眼轴变化量分别为（0.23±0.16）mm和（0.17±0.19）mm（ t=2.86， P=0.007）；多元线性回归分析后，PMDSL组的眼轴变化量比OK镜组多0.04 mm（ β=0.04， P=0.019）。在6~10岁亚组，2组的眼轴变化量分别为（0.26±0.16）mm和（0.19±0.21）mm（ t=2.78， P=0.009）；在近视度数-6.00~<-3.00 D亚组，2组的眼轴变化量分别为（0.21±0.13）mm和（0.13±0.18）mm（ t=2.92， P=0.006）；以上2个亚组，多元线性回归分析后，PMDSL组的眼轴变化量比OK镜组分别多0.05 mm（ β=0.05， P=0.041）和0.07 mm（ β=0.07， P=0.039）。在>10~14岁和近视度数-3.00~-1.00 D这2个亚组中，2组眼轴变化量的差异均无统计学意义（均 P>0.05）。 结论：:OK镜比PMDSL更能有效地控制近视儿童的眼轴增长，特别是对于低龄和近视度数相对高的儿童。

abstractsObjective::To compare the effectiveness of peripheral myopic defocus design spectacle lenses (PMDSL) and orthokeratology (OK) lenses in controlling axial elongation in children with myopia.Methods::In this retrospective study, we continuously enrolled children aged 6 to 14 with myopia ranging from -6.00 to -1.00 D, who were fitted with PMDSL lenses (149 cases) or OK lenses (152 cases) at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between June 2020 and June 2021. They were then followed up for a period of 12 months. Subsequently, the children were divided into four subgroups based on their age (6 to 10 years old, including 10 years old; 10 to 14 years old) and median myopia (-3.00 to -1.00 D, including -3.00 D; -6.00 to -3.00 D). The t-test and multiple linear regression analysis were used to compare the axial elongation between PMDSL and OK lenses groups, as well as among the four subgroups. Results::After 12 months, the axial elongation was 0.23±0.16 mm in the PMDSL group and 0.17±0.19 mm in the OK lenses group ( t=2.86, P=0.007). The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the axial elongation in the PMDSL group was 0.04 mm more than that in the OK lenses group ( β=0.04, P=0.019). In the subgroups of children aged 6 to 10 years, the axial elongation was 0.26±0.16 mm in the PMDSL group and 0.19±0.21 mm in the OK lenses group ( t=2.78, P=0.009). Among children with myopia ranging from -6.00 to -3.00 D, the axial elongation in the PMDSL group was 0.21±0.13 mm, while it was 0.13±0.18 mm in the OK lenses group ( t=2.92, P=0.006). The multiple linear regression analysis further demonstrated that the axial elongation in the PMDSL group was 0.05 mm ( β=0.05, P=0.041) and 0.07 mm ( β=0.07, P=0.039) more than that in the OK lenses group in the corresponding subgroups mentioned above. However, there was no significant difference between the two subgroups of children aged 10 to 14 years and those with myopia ranging from -3.00 to -1.00 D (all P>0.05). Conclusion::OK lenses were found to be more effective than PMDSL in controlling axial elongation over a one-year treatment period, especially in children with relatively younger ages and higher degrees of myopia.