摘要目的 分析抗菌药物经整治后在儿科门急诊的使用现状及存在问题.方法 应用自主开发的“抗菌药物合理用药动态监测分析系统”,采取回顾性调查方法,对2012年儿科的抗菌用药处方进行统计分析,并评价用药合理性.结果 儿科门急诊抗菌药物处方比例为37.7％,涉及6类26个品种,用药频度分析:大环内酯类(42.20％)、头孢菌素类(35.90％)和青霉素类(20.90％)是临床最主要的抗菌用药,并以口服剂型(72.2％)和非限制性抗菌药物(61.0％)为主,联合用药占抗菌药物处方的2.4％;不合理用药主要表现为给药方法不当(78.0％)、无指征应用抗生素(21.3％)、联合用药不合理(0.5％)等.结论 儿科抗菌药物使用结构基本合理,但仍存在用法用量不当、无指征用药等不足,有必要进一步改进和完善抗菌药物使用管理.

abstractsObjective To analyze the usage of antibiotics after renovation in the use of this present situation and existing problems of pediatrics.Methods By application of our self-developed analyzing system for the clinical use of antibacterial agents,the prescriptions of pediatric outpatient in 2012 was studied retrospectively and their rationality was evaluated.Results The antibiotic prescription rate was 37.7％ in pediatric outpatient and emergency in our hospital,their were 26 antibacterial agents in clinic use which were involved in 6 pharmacological group.The defined daily dose(DDD) analysis was adopted and the results have shown that macrolides (42.20％),cephalosporins (35.90％) and penicillins (20.90％) were the most prescribed antibiotics and most of them were oral medicines (72.2％) and non restrictive drug (61.0％).The antibacterial agents' s combination therapy rate was 2.4％.Irrational use of drugs mainly include the wrong way of administration (78.0％),application of antibiotics with no indications (21.3％) and irrational combined use of antibiotics (0.5％).Conclusion The application of antibiotics in our hospital pediatric basic structure reasonable,but there are still improper usage and dosage,no indication of medicine,etc.It is necessary to further improve and perfect the use and management of antimicrobial agents.