摘要目的:初步了解国内10家儿科医疗机构用药安全管理现状。方法:采用"ISMP医院用药安全自我评估量表优化版（161项）"（简称"量表"），福棠儿童医学发展研究中心药学专业委员会的10家儿科医疗机构对本单位用药安全管理情况进行自我评估。"量表"包括10个关键要素、20个核心指标和161项测评项目。汇总参评机构用药安全自我评估结果，对各关键要素、核心指标和测评项目的百分得分、实施比例等情况进行描述性分析。结果:10家参评医疗机构均在规定时间内完成"量表"的填写。汇总结果显示，用药安全自我评估总体百分得分为74.72%；百分得分最高和最低的关键要素分别为要素Ⅲ（用药医嘱和其他药品信息的沟通，83.89%）和要素Ⅹ（质量流程和风险管理，67.84%），完全实施比例最高和最低者分别为要素Ⅲ（66.67%）和要素Ⅸ（患者教育，40.00%），部分实施比例最高和最低者分别为要素Ⅸ（46.25%）和要素Ⅲ（26.67%），未实施比例最高和最低者分别为要素Ⅹ（18.38%）和要素Ⅵ（药物治疗设备的采购、使用和监控维护，6.25%）。20项核心指标中，百分得分最高和最低者分别为指标10（保证非药品类化学品与患者隔离，避免因误用导致患者受到伤害，96.25%）和指标7（采取制定临床路径、建立标准化给药时间、管理流程等措施，保证患者接受标准化的诊疗，57.50%），完全实施比例最高和最低者分别为指标20（在药物储存、配制、准备和给药过程中遵循院感控制措施，90.00%）和指标17（在医院内建立公平公正的用药安全文化，鼓励和倡导安全行为，而非采取惩罚性措施处理用药差错相关医务人员，25.00%）；部分实施比例最高和最低者分别为指标7（55.00%）和指标20（5.00%）；未实施比例最高和最低者分别为指标17（22.86%）和指标10（0）。结论:10家参评儿科医疗机构在用药医嘱和其他药品信息沟通、药品储存和分发等环节的管理水平较高，在公正文化建设、用药风险主动防范、信息系统完善方面存在不足。

abstractsObjective:To understand preliminarily the current status of medication safety management in pediatric medical institutions in China.Methods:Self-assessment of medication safety situation were conducted in 10 pediatric medical institutions of the Pharmacy Professional Committee of Futang Children′s Medical Development Research Center using the "optimized version of 2011 Medication Safety Self Assessment ? for Hospitals (161 assessment items)" (self-assessment criteria). The self-assessment criteria included 10 key elements, 20 core characteristics, and 161 assessment items. The self-assessment results on medication safety among participating institutions were summarized, and the percentage scores and implementation proportions of the key elements, core characteristics, and assessment items were descriptively analyzed. Results:All 10 participating medical institutions completed the questionnaires within the specified time. The results showed that the overall percentage score of medication safety self-assessment was 74.72%. The element Ⅲ (communication of medication orders and other medicines information, 83.89%) and element Ⅹ (quality process and risk management, 67.84%) were with the highest and lowest percentage scores, respectively. The element Ⅲ (66.67%) and element Ⅸ (patient education, 40.00%) were with the highest and lowest percentage of full implementation, respectively. The element Ⅸ (46.25%) and element Ⅲ (26.67%) were with the highest and lowest percentage of partial implementation, respectively. The element Ⅹ (quality process and risk management, 18.38%) and element Ⅵ (procurement, use, and monitoring maintenance of drug treatment equipment, 6.25%) were with the highest and lowest percentage of non-implementation, respectively. Among the 20 core characteristics, characteristic 10 (guaranteeing the isolation of non-pharmaceutical chemicals from patients and avoiding harm to patients due to misuse, 96.25%) and characteristic 7 (adopting measures such as developing clinical pathways and establishing standardized administration time to ensure patients receive standardized diagnosis and treatment, 57.50%) were with the highest and lowest percentage scores, respectively. The characteristic 20 (following hospital infection control measures during drug storage, formulation, preparation, and administration, 90.00%) and characteristic 17 (establishing a fair and just drug safety culture within the hospital, encouraging and advocating safe behavior, rather than punitive measures for medical personnel related to medication errors, 25.00%) were with the highest and lowest percentage of complete implementation, respectively. The characteristic 7 (55.00%) and characteristic 20 (5.00%) were with the highest and lowest percentage of partial implementation, respectively. The characteristic 17 (22.86%) and characteristic 10 (0) were the highest and lowest percentage of non-implementation, respectively.Conclusions:The 10 pediatric medical institutions participating in the self-assessment have a higher level of management in the communication of medication orders and other drug information, as well as in the storage and distribution of drugs. However, there are shortcomings in the construction of a fair culture, proactive prevention of medication risks, and improvement of information systems.