摘要目的:基于柯式模型探讨标准化情景模拟教学法在护生针刺伤防护教学中的应用方法及效果。方法:采用历史性对照研究设计，将青岛大学附属医院2018至2019学年203名实习护生列为实验组，采用标准化情景模拟方法完成针刺伤防护教学；将2017至2018学年196名实习护生列入对照组，采用课堂讲授教学法完成针刺伤防护教育。运用柯式模型，分别从反应层、学习层、行为层、结果层四个层面比较两组护生针刺伤防护的教学效果。结果:两组护生年龄、性别、学历和实习前护理专业知识测试成绩等基线资料组间比较，差异均无统计学意义。反应层：实验组护生对教学方式（ t=25.149， P<0.001）和教学环境（ t=12.827， P<0.001）的满意度均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义。学习层：实验组针刺伤知识考核成绩明显高于对照组（ t=8.221， P<0.001）。行为层：实验组针刺伤防护相关行为水平明显高于对照组（ t=9.250， P<0.001），实验组知识转化率高于对照组（ t=6.054， P<0.001）。结果层：实验组针刺伤发生率显著低于对照组（ χ2=15.815， P<0.001），针刺伤上报率显著低于对照组（ χ2=14.185， P<0.001）。 结论:实施标准化情景模拟教学可以有效提高针刺伤防护学习有效性，降低护生针刺伤发生率。

abstractsObjective:To evaluate the application method and effect of standardized scenario simulation teaching based on Kirkpatrick model in vocational protection education for nursing students.Methods:A historical controlled trial study was designed. Practical nursing students enrolled in 2018-2019 and 2017-2018 were selected into the experimental group ( n=203) and control group ( n=196), respectively. The experimental group adopted standardized scenario simulation teaching in the prevention and control education of needlestick injuries, and the control group adopted traditional classroom lecture. Using the Kirkpatrick model, the teaching effect of needlestick injuries protection for nursing students were compared between the 2 groups from such 4 levels as in reaction level, learning level, behavior level and results level. Results:There was no significant difference in the baseline data between the two groups in terms of age, gender, educational background and test scores of nursing professional knowledge as compared to that before practice. In reaction level: the nursing students' satisfaction of experimental group in teaching methods ( t=25.149, P<0.001) and teaching environment ( t=12.827, P<0.001) are higher than that of the control group, with statistical significance. In learning level: the test scores of needlestick injury knowledge in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group ( t=8.221, P<0.001). In behavior level: the level of needlestick injury protection behavior in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( t=9.250, P<0.001), and the knowledge conversion rate in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group ( t=6.054, P<0.001). In results level: the needlestick injuries incidence of experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( χ2=15.815, P<0.001), the reported rate of needlestick injuries of experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( χ2=14.185, P<0.001). Conclusion:The implementation of standardized scenario simulation teaching can effectively improve the effectiveness of vocational protection learning and reduce the incidence of needlestick injuries.