摘要目的:探索以真实案例为基础的模拟教学在心血管内科住院医师规范化培训中的作用和效果。方法:选取2022年8月至2024年7月在上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院心血管内科进行规范化培训的内科专业住院医师83人，其中2022年8月到2023年7月参加培训的43名医师为对照组，采用传统教学；2023年8月到2024年7月参加培训的40名医师为研究组，采用以真实案例为基础的模拟教学。教学任务结束后，采用理论知识测试和教学满意度调查评价教学效果。采用SPSS 22.0软件进行 t检验和卡方检验。 结果:研究组规培医师理论知识成绩为（81.51±8.55）分、病例分析成绩为（90.19±7.45）分、技能操作成绩为（91.81±5.06）分、病史采集成绩为（93.85±6.61）分、体格检查成绩为（90.49±4.85）分，均高于对照组[（76.64±8.17）分、（84.06±12.43）分、（87.44±8.89）分、（89.57±8.88）分、（84.79±10.04）分]，差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。满意度问卷调查结果显示，研究组在增加学习兴趣、培养临床思维、提高人文素养、提高临床决策能力、提高同理心和沟通技巧以及整体满意度6个方面评分高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。 结论:在心血管内科住院医师规范化培训中采用以真实案例为基础的模拟教学可提升理论知识和实践考核成绩，且规培生对教学的满意度更高。

abstractsObjective:To explore the role and effectiveness of simulation-based teaching with real-world cases in standardized residency training for physicians in the Department of Cardiology.Methods:A total of 83 internal medicine residents who received standardized training in the Department of Cardiology at the Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine between August 2022 and July 2024 were selected. 43 physicians who participated in standardized training from August 2022 to July 2023 were selected as the control group and the traditional teaching was used. 40 physicians who participated in standardized training from August 2023 to July 2024 were selected as the research group and the simulation-based teaching with real-world cases was used. After the standardized training, teaching effectiveness was evaluated using theoretical knowledge tests and teaching satisfaction survey. SPSS 22.0 software was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:The study group achieved significantly higher scores in theoretical knowledge [(81.51±8.55) vs. (76.64±8.17)], case analysis [(90.19±7.45) vs. (84.06±12.43)], skill operation [(91.81±5.06) vs. (87.44±8.89)], medical history inquiry [(93.85±6.61) vs. (89.57±8.88)], and physical examination [(90.49±4.85) vs. (84.79±10.04)] compared to the control group ( P<0.05). The satisfaction survey showed that the research group scored significantly higher than the control group in six aspects: increasing learning interest, cultivating clinical thinking, improving humanistic literacy, enhancing clinical decision-making ability, increasing empathy and communication skills, and overall satisfaction ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Simulation-based teaching with real-world cases in standardized residency training for physicians in the Department of Cardiology can improve theoretical knowledge and practical skill examination scores and increase trainee satisfaction with the teaching.