摘要Tuberculosis(TB)remains a world health problem due to the high number of affected individuals,high mortal-ity rates,prolonged treatment durations,and the increasing prevalence of resistance to commercial TB drugs.The emergence of resistance to anti-TB drugs has necessitated urgent research into drug discovery and development,focusing on novel mechanisms of action against Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant strains.Natural products,with their remarkable structural diversity and bioactivity,are promising sources for the development of newTB drugs or the identification of potential chemical scaffolds exhibiting potent and novel biological activity with mini-mal or no cytotoxicity to host cells.This review focuses on potent anti-TB natural products with minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)values below 5 μg mL-1 and examines their structure-activity relationship(SAR).Significant characteristics and relevant biological properties of each compound were analysed using a Random Forest,machine learning algorithm,to explore SAR.Using molecular docking,AutoDock Vina was utilised to assess molecular interac-tions with protein targets,and predictive accuracy was enhanced using the XGBoost machine learning model.These analyses provide insights into the mode of action of these compounds and help identify key structural features con-tributing to their anti-TB activity.In addition,this review examines the correlation between the potency of selected anti-TB compounds and their cytotoxicity,offering valuable insights for the identification of promising scaffolds in TB drug discovery.