摘要Three unprecedented triterpenoids(1-2,8),seven novel diterpenoids(13-16,19-21),and 12 known compounds(3-7,9-12,17-18,22)were isolated from the tender branches and leaves of Aglaia odorata Lour.Structural elucida-tion was achieved through integrated spectroscopic analysis,quantum chemical calculations(NMR/ECD),and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.All isolates were evaluated for neuroprotective effects.Compounds 3,9-11,13,17,and 18 showed significant protective effects against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion(OGD/R)-mediated nerve injury in PC1 2 cells at 10 μM,while compounds 3 and 19 exhibited potent anti-excitotoxicity activity in the L-glutamate-induced HT22 cells at 20 μM.Strikingly,triterpenoids 1,2,and 11 displayed remarkable activity against RSL3-induced PC1 2 cell death with EC50 values ranging from 1.16 to 1.74 μM.Compound 22 exhibited the most significant inhibi-tory activity among the isolates against nitric oxide(NO)release in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-activated BV2 cells with an IC50 value of 22.41 μM.