摘要Male-biased sexual dimorphism in hind limb muscles is widespread in anuran species where scramble competition is common among males. Such sexual difference is thought to result from sexual selection.In this view, we tested the differences in muscle mass between the sexes and between amplectant and non-amplectant males by quantifying the mass of four hindlimb muscles (triceps femoris, sartorius, gracilis and plantaris longus) of females and males ofOdorrana schmackeri. The results showed that females signiifcantly exceeded males for muscle triceps femoris, gracilis, plantaris longus and total mass when controlled for body size. There are no signiifcant differences between amplectant and non-amplectant males. It is probable that the maintenance of the amplectant position inO. schmackeri may depend on the strength of hindlimb muscles in females to support the pair.