摘要Medicinal plants serve as valuable sources of bioactive compounds with critical applications across phar-maceutical,agricultural,and industrial sectors.Compared to chemical synthesis and plant extraction,synthetic biology offers a green,efficient,and sustainable alternative for producing bioactive compounds,which represents a state of art technology.However,this technology still faces several challenges,includ-ing overly long metabolic pathways,inadequate catalytic efficiency of key enzymes in the pathway,and incompatibility between gene elements and host cells,leading to low yields of target bioactive com-pounds.The development and application of regulatory tools in synthetic biology hold great promise for overcoming these obstacles.This review first summarizes the classification and biosynthesis of bioac-tive compounds based on structural types.Subsequently,recent advancements are outlined in regulation tools and their application in the heterologous production of bioactive compounds.This review aims to establish a foundation for the efficient production of bioactive compounds based on microbial cell facto-ries.This not only has significant practical implications for reducing the resource consumption and envi-ronmental impact of traditional production methods,but also highlights the central role of synthetic biology in promoting the sustainable production of bioactive compounds derived from medicinal plants.