摘要Objective:IMpower210(NCT02813785)explored the efficacy and safety of single-agent atezolizumab vs.docetaxel as second-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)in East Asian patients.Methods:Key eligibility criteria for this phase Ⅲ,open-label,randomized study included age ≥18 years;histologically documented advanced NSCLC per the Union for International Cancer Control/American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system(7th edition);Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1;and disease progression following platinum-based chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic NSCLC.Patients were randomized 2:1 to receive either atezolizumab(1,200 mg)or docetaxel(75 mg/m2).The primary study endpoint was overall survival(OS)in the intention-to-treat(ITT)population with wild-type epidermal growth factor receptor expression(ITT EGFR-WT)and in the overall ITT population.Results:Median OS in the ITT EGFR-WT population(n=467)was 12.3[95％confidence interval(95％CI),10.3-13.8]months in the atezolizumab arm(n=312)and 9.9(95％CI,7.8-13.9)months in the docetaxel arm[n=155;stratified hazard ratio(HR),0.82;95％CI,0.66-1.03].Median OS in the overall ITT population was 12.5(95％CI,10.8-13.8)months with atezolizumab treatment and 11.1(95％CI,8.4-14.2)months(n=377)with docetaxel treatment(n=188;stratified HR,0.87;95％CI,0.71-1.08).Grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events(TRAEs)occurred in 18.4％of patients in the atezolizumab arm and 50.0％of patients in the docetaxel arm.Conclusions:IMpower210 did not meet its primary efficacy endpoint of OS in the ITT EGFR-WT or overall ITT populations.Atezolizumab was comparatively more tolerable than docetaxel,with a lower incidence of grade 3/4 TRAEs.