摘要Enterovirus 71(EV71)poses a serious threat to human health,with scattered outbreaks worldwide.There are several vaccines against a few EV71 strains but no efficient drug for the treatment of EV71 infection.Therefore,it is urgent and of significance to develop anti-EV71 drugs.Here,we found that PLX8394,a RAF inhibitor,possesses high antiviral activity against EV71 in vitro,being superior to the traditional clinical drug ribavirin.Moreover,PLX8394 exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity against enteroviruses.Notably,in a suckling mouse model,PLX8394 provided a 70％protection rate for EV71-infected mice,reduced the viral load in liver and heart tissues,and relieved the inflammatory response.A mechanistic study showed that PLX8394 inhibited EV71 by sup-pressing the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.Thus,PLX8394 lays a foundation for the development of new drugs against EV71.