摘要[ ABSTRACT] Diabetes is characterized by an absolute or relative deficiency inβ-cell mass, which cannot be re-versed with existing therapeutic strategies.The restoration of the endogenous islet β-cells can stabilize the level of blood glucose.The isletβ-cells can be obtained from the directional differentiation of stem cells, but the process is complex and has the risk of teratomas generation.Cell direct reprogramming, one terminal differentiated cell can transdifferentiate into another kind of terminal differentiated cell, which is other than directional differentiation from stem cells.Direct reprogram-ming gives rise to the generation of isletβ-cells from one terminal differentiated cell, may be preferable for diabetes therapy because of its unique advantage.