摘要目的：研究沿海省份福建省居民自全民食盐加碘以后膳食碘摄入量。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法，将福建省按地理位置分为沿海城市、内陆城市、沿海农村、内陆农村4个不同地理区域，每个区域抽查3个县（市、区），每个县（市、区）抽取30户居民户，应用总膳食研究方法调查住户及其家庭成员基本信息、在调查期间所摄取的全部食物和饮水、调味品的品种、数量以及烹调方法、食谱。所消费的各种食物按谷类及其制品、豆类（含坚果类）及其制品、薯类及其制品、肉类及其制品、蛋及蛋制品、水产及其制品、乳及乳制品、蔬菜类及其制品、水果类及其制品、糖及糖制品、饮料及水类、酒类、海藻类归为13类。通过食物样品聚类、采集、使用碘盐烹饪与制备、检测分析等步骤，根据测定的各种膳食样品的碘含量与4个区域标准人（成年男子）每天食物消费量，计算4个区域和福建省成年男子膳食碘摄入量。结果共调查359户居民，在调查3 d内有食用过海藻类食物的有69户，占19.2%。不同地理区域成年男子的日食盐摄入量分别为沿海城市4.5 g、内陆城市5.8 g、沿海农村7.5 g、内陆农村12.3 g。福建省成年男子膳食碘摄入量为343.8μg/d，其中沿海城市、沿海农村、内陆城市、内陆农村分别为234.4、347.1、328.4、465.3μg/d；若未食用海藻类食物则膳食碘摄入量为239.7μg/d，其中沿海城市、沿海农村、内陆城市、内陆农村分别为137.5、253.6、200.3、367.4μg/d。膳食摄入碘的主要来源依次为蔬菜类（33.2%）、海藻类（30.3%）、肉类（13.4%）、水产类（13.0%）；未食用海藻类则膳食摄入碘的主要来源依次是蔬菜类（47.6%）、肉类（19.1%）、水产类（18.7%），3类食物对碘的贡献率占85.4%。结论食用加碘食盐情况下，福建省不同地理区域成年男子膳食碘摄入量总体上是适宜和安全的，不存在碘过量问题，碘盐是膳食碘的主要来源；沿海城市居民如果不食用海藻类食物，即使食用碘盐也面临碘缺乏的风险。

abstractsObjective To survey the dietary iodine intake among residents in the coastal province of Fujian after universal salt iodization. Methods Using multi-stage stratified random sampling method, four different geographic areas of coastal cities, inland cities, coastal rural and inland rural areas were selected; 3 counties (cities, districts) were selected from each area; 30 families were selected from each of those counties (cities, districts). Total dietary study method was applied to investigate the basic information, all food and water intake during the investigation, the spice variety, quantity and cooking methods, and recipes. All foods consumed were divided into 13 classes:grains and their products, beans(including nuts) and their products, potato and its products, meat and its products, eggs and their products, aquatic products, milk and dairy products, vegetables, fruits and their products, sugar and sugar products, beverage and water, alcohol and seaweeds. Food samples were collected and iodine contents of different types of food were measured, and daily food consumption of the reference man(adult male) in the four areas was calculated. Then the male adult dietary iodine intake in the four areas and Fujian Province was estimated. Results A total of 69 families(accounting for 19.2% of the 359 families surveyed) ate seaweed foods during the three days survey period. The average salt intakes per reference man were 4.5, 5.8, 7.5, 12.3 g, respectively, in coastal cities, inland cities, coastal rural and inland rural. The adult male dietary iodine intake in Fujian Province was 343.8μg/d, and the values were 234.4, 347.1, 328.4, 465.3μg/d, respectively, in coastal cities, coastal rural, inland cities and inland rural. If people did not eat seaweed foods, the results would be 239.7, 137.5, 253.6, 200.3, 367.4μg/d. The main sources of dietary iodine intake were vegetables (33.2%), seaweeds(30.3%), meat(13.4%) and aquatic products(13.0%). If people did not eat seaweed foods, the results would be vegetables(47.6%), meat(19.1%) and aquatic products(18.7%), and iodine contribution rate of the 3 types of food was 85.4%. Conclusions Under the conditions of eating iodized salt, male adult dietary iodine intake is appropriate in different areas of Fujian Province. There is no such problem as iodine excessive. Iodized salt is the main source of dietary iodine. Residents in coastal city, if not eating seaweed foods, will be at risk of iodine deficiency, even if they eat iodized salt.