摘要目的 运用DNA条形码技术对陕西省境内黑线仓鼠标本进行种别鉴定.方法 在陕西省陕北地区的定边、靖边县和关中地区的大荔县,采集65份黑线仓鼠标本(定边县58份、靖边县2份、大荔县5份),基于线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶I亚基(COI)基因进行序列分析,计算遗传距离,邻接法(NJ)构建系统发育树.结果 定边县2份黑线仓鼠样本(13.16、13.21)与定边县其他56份样本的遗传距离为9.2％ ～ 10.0％.而56份样本与靖边县黑线仓鼠样本的遗传距离≤1％,与大荔县黑线仓鼠样本的遗传距离为7.2％～8.3％;靖边、大荔县内部样本的遗传距离≤1％.NJ系统树中,3个县黑线仓鼠样本分成两个高置信度的大分支,定边县2份样本(13.16、13.21)聚为一类,其余样本单独成支;定边县其余56份样本与靖边县样本在一个小分支上,大荔样本占据另一小分支.结论 陕西省陕北、关中地区存在3种黑线仓鼠亚种,定边县有两种,大荔县为另一亚种.

abstractsObjective To apply DNA barcoding technology for exploring its taxonomic status and differences in the molecular biology of Cricetulus barabensis in Shaanxi Province.Methods Sixty-five samples of Cricetulus barabensis were collected from Dingbian,Jingbian Counties in northern of Shaanxi and Dali County in Guanzhong plain (Dingbian 58 samples,Jingbian 2 samples,and Dali 5 samples).According to the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I gene (CO I) sequence,the genetic distance was calculated and Neighbor-Joining tree was constructed.Results The genetic distance between two samples (13.16,13.21) and other 56 samples of Dingbian was 9.2％-10.0％.The genetic distance between the 56 samples of Dingbian and Jingbian was less than 1％ and Dali was 7.2％-8.3％;the average intraspecific genetic distance of Jingbian and Dali was less than 1％.The Neighbor-Joining tree showed that all the Cricetulus barabensis samples from the three counties were separated into two large branches.The samples of 13.16,13.21 from Dingbian together were classified into a class and the rest of the samples into another separate branch.At the same time,other samples from Dingbian except 13.16,13.21 and Jingbian were distributed in a small branch,and Dali samples were occupied another small branch.Conclusion Using the DNA barcoding technology,we have determined three subspecies of Cricetulus barabensis in Shaanxi Province,Dingbian has two kinds and Dali has a different subspecies.