摘要目的 调查云南省玉龙县鼠疫疫源地宿主动物的鼠疫噬菌体携带情况,并对分离鼠疫噬菌体进行初步鉴定.方法 2016年,在春、秋两季,分别采集玉龙县鼠疫疫源地内5个鼠疫流行自然村的鼠类动物标本,以鼠疫疫苗株EV76为饲养菌,采用双层平板法分离鼠疫噬菌体,并鉴定噬菌斑形态.结果 ①春季采集动物标本409份,未分离到鼠疫噬菌体;秋季采集动物标本444份,分离到鼠疫噬菌体40株,分离率为9.01％(40/444).②在5个鼠疫流行自然村均分离到了鼠疫噬菌体,各村间分离率比较差异无统计学意义(x2=5.055,P＞0.05).③在40株鼠疫噬菌体中,37株分离自齐氏姬鼠,2株分离自大绒鼠,1株分离自长尾大麝鼩.④分离鼠疫噬菌体的噬菌斑出现大(直径1.5 ～ 2.5 mm)、中(0.5～＜1.5 mm)、小(＜0.5 mm)3种类型.结论 云南省玉龙县鼠疫疫源地宿主动物携带较高数量的鼠疫噬菌体,噬菌斑形态多样,其生物学特性可能存在多态性.

abstractsObjective To investigate whether the host animals of Yulong plague foci carry Yersiniapestis phage,and to identify isolated plague phage.Methods Rodent specimens were collected in 5 villages of Yulong plague foci in spring and autumn of 2016,respectively.Vaccine strain EV76 was used as breeding bacteria.Phage was isolated from the specimens by double-layer plate method and plaque morphology was identified.Results ① Totally 409 samples collected in spring failed in phage isolation.A total of 40 of Yersinia pestis phages were isolated from 444 samples in autumn,and the total isolation rate was 9.01％ (40/444).② The Yersinia pestis phages were isolated in all of 5 villages,and the isolation rate was of no significant difference (x2 =5.055,P ＞ 0.05).③ Of the 40 strains of phage,37 strains were isolated from Apodemus chevrieri,2 strains from Eothenomys Miletus and 1 strain from Crocidura Dracula.④Based on the appearance,the plaque of the phage was divided into three:large (diameter 1.5-2.5 mm),middle (0.5-＜ 1.5 mm) and small (＜ 0.5 mm).Conclusion There is a higher number of plague phage in the host animals of the plague foci in Yulong County of Yunnan Province,the plaques are diverse in morphology,and their biological characteristics may be polymorphic.