摘要恰加斯病（又称美洲锥虫病）是一种由克氏锥虫引起的人畜共患病，该病潜伏期长、确诊率低，目前没有疫苗可以预防，且病程发展到晚期无特效药物，故有学者称其为"新型艾滋病"。在过去20年中，恰加斯病已经从主要流行区拉丁美洲蔓延到其他非流行国家，同时，其主要传播媒介之一的红带锥蝽在全球分布广泛，包括我国部分潮湿温暖的南方地区。因此，本文从红带锥蝽的分布特征、生物学、分子生物学等方面对其研究进展进行全面综述，以期为我国输入性恰加斯病的防治提供参考依据。

abstractsChagas disease (also known as American trypanosomiasis) is a zoonotic disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. It has a long incubation period and low diagnosis rate. At present, there is no vaccine to prevent it, and there is no specific drug at the late stage of the disease. Therefore, some scholars call it "new AIDS". In the past two decades, Chagas disease has spread from the main epidemic area of Latin America to other non-epidemic countries. At the same time, Triatoma rubrofasciata, one of its main vectors, is widely distributed in the world, including some humid and warm southern areas of China. Therefore, in this paper, the distribution characteristics, biology and molecular biology of Triatoma rubrofasciata are comprehensively reviewed, in order to provide reference for the prevention and control of imported Chagas disease in China.