摘要目的:了解山东省博兴县饮用水水碘分布及重点人群碘营养状况，为持续消除碘缺乏病及科学补碘提供依据。方法:2021年，在博兴县历史碘缺乏镇（街道，简称镇），采集每个行政村（居委会）集中供水末梢水水样1份，进行水碘检测。采用分层整群抽样法，将博兴县历史碘缺乏地区按东、西、南、北、中划分为5个片区，每个片区抽取1个镇，每个镇抽取孕妇20名和1所小学的8 ~ 10岁非寄宿学生40名；2个历史高碘镇各抽取孕妇30名、学生100名。采集上述人群1次随机尿样，进行尿碘检测，并对监测结果进行分析。结果:共采集水样329份，水碘中位数为10.9 μg/L，其中< 40 μg/L的水样267份（81.2%），40 ~ 100 μg/L的33份（10.0%），> 100 μg/L的29份（8.8%）。共采集儿童尿样410份，尿碘中位数为162.0 μg/L，不同地区儿童尿碘水平比较，差异有统计学意义（ H = 86.34， P < 0.001）。共采集孕妇尿样109份，尿碘中位数为57.4 μg/L，不同地区孕妇尿碘水平比较，差异有统计学意义（ H = 38.35， P < 0.001）。 结论:博兴县饮用水水碘分布情况较为复杂，水源性高碘、碘缺乏及适碘地区同时存在。儿童碘营养处于适宜水平，但孕妇碘营养处于缺乏水平。相关部门应加强健康宣传工作，各地区根据实际情况制定碘盐供应策略。同时，应重点关注孕妇碘营养状况。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the distribution of iodine in drinking water and the iodine nutrition status of key populations in Boxing County of Shandong Province, and to provide a basis for continuous elimination of iodine deficiency disorders and scientific iodine supplementation.Methods:In 2021, in the historical iodine deficiency towns (districts, referred to as towns) in Boxing County, one water sample of centralized water supply terminal water of each administrative village (neighborhood committee) was collected for water iodine testing. Using stratified cluster sampling method, the historical iodine deficiency areas in Boxing County were divided into 5 areas according to east, west, south, north and center. One town was randomly selected from each area, 20 pregnant women and 40 non-boarding students aged 8 - 10 from a primary school were randomly selected from each town. Thirty pregnant women and 100 students were selected from each of the two historical high iodine towns, and random urine samples were collected from the above-mentioned population for urinary iodine detection and analysis.Results:A total of 329 water samples were collected, and the median water iodine was 10.9 μg/L. Of these, 267 samples (81.2%) were < 40 μg/L, 33 samples (10.0%) were among 40 - 100 μg/L, and 29 samples (8.8%) were > 100 μg/L. A total of 410 urine samples were collected from children, and the median urinary iodine was 162.0 μg/L. The median urinary iodine of children in different towns was compared, and the difference was statistically significant ( H = 86.34, P < 0.001). A total of 109 urine samples were collected from pregnant women, and the median urinary iodine was 57.4 μg/L. The median urinary iodine of pregnant women in different towns were compared, and the difference was statistically significant ( H = 38.35, P < 0.001). Conclusions:The distribution of iodine in drinking water in Boxing County is complex, with areas with high iodine, iodine deficiency, and suitable iodine sources coexisting. Children's iodine nutrition is at an appropriate level, but pregnant women's iodine nutrition is at a deficiency level. Relevant departments should strengthen health promotion, and each region should formulate iodized salt supply strategies based on actual conditions. At the same time, special attention should be paid to the iodine nutrition status of pregnant women.