摘要目的 分析影响结核分枝杆菌痰培养及耐利福平药敏试验的结果及相关因素。方法 对227例痰涂片阳性患者进行痰培养及耐利福平的药敏试验。结果 227例中痰培养阳性220例(96.9％)，涂阳培阴2例(0.9％)，污染5例(2.2％)。耐利福平药敏试验中，新患者耐药比率为10.4％，初治失败者为37.5％，复治者为28.9％。结论 结核分枝杆菌在培养、药敏过程中要严格按照操作步骤进行，初治失败患者和复治患者耐利福平比率远高于新患者。

abstractsObjective To analyze influence mycobacterium tuberculosis sputum culture and heat-proof rifabutin antimicrobial susceptibility test results and related factors.Methods To the centers for disease control and prevention of Huainan tuberculosis clinic into the program to treat 227 sputum smear-positive patients in the sputum culture and heat-proof rifabutin of antimicrobial susceptibility test. Results Among 227 patients sputum culture positive 220 cases, accounting for 96. 9％, sputum culture-negative 2 cases, accounting for 0. 9％, pollution, 5 cases of 2. 2％. Resistance rifabutin antimicrobial susceptibility test,a new patient resistance ratio for 10. 4％ ,early cure loser for 37.5％, concomitant person for 28.9％. Conclusion The mycobacterium tuberculosis in the process of cultivation should be strictly according to the requirements of collecting, processing, specimen vaccination, preservation and observation. Early cure failure patients and treat patients resistant rifabutin rate was far higher than new patients, the patients with irregular or unreasonable chemotherapy were concerned.