摘要目的:比较早期深度水解蛋白配方奶(eHF)喂养与标准早产儿配方奶(SPF)喂养对早产儿生长发育、喂养情况及后期变应性疾病发生情况的影响。方法:选取2018年10月至2019年4月蚌埠医学院附属蚌埠市第三人民医院新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)收治的早产儿84例为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为观察组(42例)和对照组(42例)。观察组：出生后即用eHF喂养，喂奶量达20 mL/次时，改为热卡较高与早产儿奶相当的浓eHF喂养。对照组：出生后即用SPF喂养。记录比较两组头围、身长、体质量、恢复出生体质量时间、喂养不耐受发生率、新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)发生率、达全胃肠营养时间、住院天数；随访至纠正胎龄3个月时比较两组变应性疾病及宫外发育迟缓(EUGR)发生率。结果:观察组达全胃肠喂养时间短于对照组[(9.32±3.02)d比(11.25±3.70)d]，喂养不耐受发生率低于对照组(11.90%比30.95%)，至纠正胎龄3个月内变应性疾病发生率低于对照组(4.76%比19.04%)，差异均有统计学意义( t＝2.333，χ 2＝4.655、4.086，均 P<0.05)。两组早产儿在头围增长速度、身长增长速度、体质量增长速度、恢复出生体质量时间、NEC发生率、住院天数及纠正胎龄3个月时EUGR发生率差异均无统计学意义(均 P>0.05)。 结论:在NICU住院期间早产儿进行深度水解奶喂养能更快的达到全胃肠营养，降低喂养不耐受的发生率，减少后期变应性疾病发生率。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the effect of feeding preterm infants with extensively hydrolyzed formula and standard preterm formula on their growth, feeding tolerance and allergic diseases.Methods:From October 2018 to April 2019, 84 premature infants admitted to NICU of the Third People's Hospital of Bengbu Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 42 cases in each group.In the observation group, the preterm infants were fed with extensively hydrolyzed formula.When each feeding amount reached 20 ml, they were fed with concentrated extensively hydrolyzed formula that calorie was equivalent to standard preterm formula.In the control group, the preterm infants were fed with standard preterm formula.The head circumference, length and weight, the time of birth weight recovery, feeding intolerance, the incidence of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC), the time to reach full enteral feeding, the length of hospitalization were compared between the two groups.The patients were followed up for 3 months in corrected age, the incidence rates of allergic diseases and extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) were compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with the control group, the observation group had shortened total parenteral nutrition time [(9.32±3.02)d vs.(11.25±3.70)d, t=2.333, P<0.05], reduced incidence of feeding intolerance(11.9% vs.30.95%, t=4.655, P<0.05), reduced incidence of allergic diseases in corrected age of 3 months(4.76% vs.19.04%, t=4.086, P<0.05), the differences were statistically significant.There were no statistically significant differences in head circumference, length and height growth, the time of birth weight recovery, incidence of NEC, length of hospitalization, and EUGR at corrected age of 3 months (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Extensively hydrolyzed formula can shorten the time to total parenteral nutrition, reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance and the incidence of allergic diseases in corrected age of 3 months.