摘要目的:探讨儿童原发性甲状腺功能减退症导致垂体增生的临床表现，鉴别诊断。方法:新疆维吾尔自治区和田地区人民医院收治由于甲状腺功能减退导致的发育迟缓、假性垂体大腺瘤1例，同时检索Pubmed等数据库文献，梳理原发性甲状腺功能减退症导致垂体增生的临床及影像学表现，及其与垂体瘤的区别。结果:该例险些被外科手术，经给予甲状腺激素替代治疗，患者生长发育恢复，垂体缩小。结论:对甲状腺合并垂体增大者，需充分评估和甲状腺激素替代治疗，随访3个月后再重新评估有无手术指征，避免手术切除造成永久性垂体功能低下。

abstractsObjective:To explore the clinical manifestations and differential diagnosis of pituitary hyperplasia caused by primary hypothyroidism in children.Methods:A patient with pseudo-pituitary macroadenoma caused by hypothyroidism who received treatment in Hetian District People's Hospital, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China was reported. Meanwhile, relevant literature was searched in Pubmed to sort out the clinical and imaging manifestations of pituitary hyperplasia caused by primary hypothyroidism and the differences from pituitary tumors.Results:This patient almost had to be surgically treated. After thyroid hormone replacement therapy, the growth and development of the patient recovered, and the pituitary gland was reduced.Conclusion:For patients with enlarged thyroid and pituitary glands, a comprehensive assessment and thyroid hormone replacement therapy are required. After follow-up for 3 months, re-evaluation is performed to determine whether there are indications for surgery to avoid permanent hypophyseal hypofunction caused by surgical resection.