摘要目的 评估不同糖耐量状态孕妇的临床特征、胰岛素敏感性及血清脂肪因子水平,探索妊娠糖尿病的血清预测因子.方法 入选2009年1月至2012年6月在北京协和医院定期产前随诊的74例50 g葡萄糖负荷试验(GCT)阳性孕妇,记录临床资料,进一步在妊娠24～28周行100 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验,根据血糖值分为妊娠糖尿病(GDM)组25例、糖耐量异常(IGT)组25例、糖耐量正常(NGT)组24例.各组均用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)-19、FGF-21、内脏脂肪特异性丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂(vaspin)、瘦素、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-1(IGFBP-1)和脂联素水平.并将3组资料对比,分析各种因子与患者基线资料和代谢指标的相关性.结果 GDM组GCT血糖值[(9.21±0.75) mmoL/L]、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)[(5.39±0.34)％]显著高于NGT组[(8.52±0.50) mmol/L、(5.18±0.20)％;均P＜0.05],但与IGT组[(9.14±0.64) mmol/L、(5.28±0.28)％;均P＞0.05]比较差异无统计学意义.各组孕妇在年龄、孕早期收缩压、孕早期舒张压、孕前体质量指数(BMI)、孕期BMI增加值、血清总胆固醇、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、C反应蛋白水平差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).从NGT到IGT到GDM组,OGTT血糖曲线下面积(AUCBG)[(19.84±1.95)、(23.20±1.51)、(26.58±2.02) mmol/(L·h)]和胰岛素曲线下面积(AUCINS)[(1.84±0.91)、(1.85±1.15)、(2.49±1.36)×103pmol/(L·h)]均逐渐升高,GDM组胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)显著高于NGT组[3.0(1.5,5.2)比2.5 (1.5,3.4),P＜0.05],但胰岛β细胞功能指数(HOMA-β)低于NGT组[230.5 (144.6,311.6)比235.6 (168.1,350.0),P＜0.05].GDM组、IGT组、NGT组FGF-19[(284.42±78.16)、(268.17±72.97)、(283.86±79.74) ng/L]、FGF-21[(798.16±273.57)、(882.43±322.17)、(842.75±343.01) ng/L]、vaspin[(22.36±7.27)、(23.53±7.90)、(22.63±9.11) μg/L]、瘦素[(5.51±1.44)、(5.58±1.58)、(5.48±1.47) μg/L]、脂联素[(798.85±255.14)、(863.44±252.18)、(828.36±249.32) μg/L]和IGFBP-1[(40.44±16.41)、(49.57±12.60)、(43.80±16.58) μg/L]水平差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).结论 妊娠期不同糖耐量状态下多种脂肪细胞因子水平均无显著差异,并未发现妊娠糖尿病的有效血清学预测因子,脂肪细胞因子在妊娠糖尿病发病中的作用还有待进一步研究.

abstractsObjective To evaluate clinical features,insulin sensitivity,and serum adipocytokines levels in pregnant women with different glucose tolerance status and to investigate the possible serum predictive biomarkers of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods We included 74 pregnant women with positive results of 50 g glucose challenge test (GCT),who received regular obstetrical follow-up in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2009 to June 2012.A further 100 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed in 24-28 gestational weeks,based on which the 74 pregnant women were divided into GDM group (n =25),impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) group (n =25) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group (n =24).The clinical data were recorded in detail.Serum fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-19,FGF-21,visceral adiposespecific serine protease inhibitor (vaspin),leptin,insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1),and adiponectin levels of the 3 groups were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared.The associations of these adipocytokines with the patients' baseline data and metabolic indexes were analyzed.Results The blood glucose after GCT and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c in the GDM group were significantly higher than those in the NGT group [(9.21 ±0.75) mmol/L vs.(8.52 ±0.50) mmol/L,P ＜0.05;(5.39 ± 0.34) ％ vs.(5.18 ± 0.20) ％,P ＜ 0.05],but not significantly different from those in the IGT group [(9.14 ± 0.64) mmol/L,P ＞ 0.05;(5.28 ± 0.28) ％,P ＞ 0.05].Age,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the first trimester,pre-gestational body mass index (BMI),increment of BMI during pregnancy,serum total cholesterol,triglyceride,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and C-reactive protein levels in the three groups showed no significant differences (all P ＞0.05).From the NGT group to the IGT group to the GDM group,the area under curve of blood glucose (AUCBG) [(19.84±1.95),(23.20±1.51),(26.58±2.02) mmol/(L · h)] and AUC of insulin (AUCINS) [(1.84± 0.91) ×103,(1.85 ±1.15) ×103,(2.49 ±1.36) ×103 pmol/(L · h)] both gradually increased.Compared with the NGT group,the GDM group had significantly higher HOMA-IR [3.0 (1.5,5.2) vs.2.5 (1.5,3.4),P ＜0.05] significantly lower HOMA-β [230.5 (144.6,311.6) vs.235.6 (168.1,350.0),P ＜ 0.05].Among the GDM,the IGT,and the NGT groups,there were no significant differences in serum FGF-19 [(284.42±78.16),(268.17 ±72.97),(283.86 ±79.74) ng/L],FGF-21 [(798.16±273.57),(882.43 ±322.17),(842.75 ±343.01) ng/L],vaspin [(22.36 ±7.27),(23.53 ±7.90),(22.63±9.11) μag/L],leptin [(5.51 ± 1.44),(5.58 ± 1.58),(5.48 ± 1.47) μg/L],adiponectin [(798.85 ± 255.14),(863.44 ± 252.18),(828.36 ± 249.32) μg/L] and IGFBP-1 [(40.44 ± 16.41),(49.57±12.60),(43.80±16.58) μg/L] levels (all P＞0.05).Conclusions There are no significant differences of a variety of adipocytokines in pregnant women with different glucose tolerance status,and no effective serum predictors of GDM are found.The effect of adipocytokines in the pathogenesis of GDM remains to be further investigated.