摘要Alzheimer's disease is well characterized by the buildup of amyloid-β plaques and tau protein tangles,leading to neurodegeneration and cognitive impairments.Recent prosperous Alzheimer's disease therapeutic development targeting amyloid-β validates the amyloid hypothesis.Nonetheless,the limited efficacy of single-target therapies plus as-observed synergy between amyloid-β and tau calls for a thorough understanding of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.Thus,this review introduces Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis,specifically focusing on the amyloid-β and tau pathologies,highlights their interconnected nature,presents personal perspectives on therapeutic and diagnostic challenges,and underscores the necessity of combined therapeutic approaches to effectively address Alzheimer's disease.