摘要Objective: To investigate the application of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in the exploration of metabolic differences and potential biomarkers in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods:PCOS model was established by subcutaneous injection of deoxy-epiandrosterone (DHEA) in 30 rats randomly selected from sixty 23-day-old SPF female SD rats and set as PCOS group, and the other 30 rats were subcutaneously injected with oil and set as oil group, PCOS model was successfully established by 20 days of injection in both groups, and blood samples were taken for biochemical detection and NMR detection analysis. At the same time, the body weight, ovarian weight and HE staining results of rats in both groups were observed. Results: Compared with the oil group, the rats in the PCOS group had higher body weight, ovarian weight and serum LH, FPG, T, E 2 and HOMA levels, and lower serum FSH and INS levels (P<0.05). In the oil group, a large number of corpus luteum, follicles at different stages of development and multi-layered granulosa cells were observed under microscope after HE staining;In PCOS group, corpus luteum formation was only visible in some ovaries after HE staining, and all of them showed a higher number of cystic dilated follicles, thickened follicular membrane layer and less granulosa cell layer. The PCA score map of serum NMR profiles of the rats in the two groups showed that the samples were separated between the PCOS group and the oil group but the samples were aggregated within the group, and there were differences in blood metabolism between the PCOS model constructed by surface DHEA and the rats in the oil group. A total of 70 metabolites were detected in the serum samples of rats in the two groups by NMR technique, and 31 of them were different between the two groups, which can be classified into glucose, lipid, and and amino acid. There were significant differences in three metabolites, including isoleucine, valine, and creatine ( P<0.01). Conclusion: There are differences in carbohydrate, lipid and amino acid metabolism between normal rats and PCOS rats, among which the levels of serum isoleucine, valine and creatine can be used as important biomarkers in the diagnosis of PCOS.