摘要目的 观察年龄18～28岁青年人群眼球高阶像差的分布特点以及近视性屈光不正与高阶像差的关系.方法 对42只正视眼和112只单纯性近视眼使用 Hartmann-Shack原理设计的COAS波前像差仪进行波前像差检查,分别提取不同瞳孔直径时高阶像差的均方根(RMS)值,对比分析不同屈光状态组之间的高阶像差的差异性.结果 正视组和近视各组间在3～6mm 瞳孔直径下球差、慧差、三叶草、总高阶像差以及3rd至6th高阶像差差异有统计学意义.5mm和6mm瞳孔直径下,正视组和近视各组球差、三叶草、总高阶像差以及3rd、4th、6th高阶像差差异有统计学意义.瞳孔直径对高阶像差的影响显著,高阶像差随瞳孔变化的趋势表现出不一致性,随着瞳孔直径增大相应增加,总体以3rd和4th像差变化显著.各屈光度组的全眼高阶像差变异度较大,球差、三叶草分布离散程度分别于5mm和6mm瞳孔直径下差异有统计学意义(F=2.74,P=0.0454;F=3.93,P=0.0102).结论 正常人眼的高阶像差个体差异较大,近视的屈光度对高阶像差有一定的影响.

abstractsObjective To observe the distribution of the higher order aberrations in Chinese young adults with myopia and analyze the relationships between refractive error and the higher order aberrations.Methods Monochromatic aberrations of the whole eye were measured with a COAS Shack-Hartmann wavefront analyzer including 42 emmetropic eyes and 1 12 myopic eyes.The root mean square(RMS)values for the subjects measured with pupil diameters from 3mm to 6mm with a 1mm interval were determined.Results The root mean square (RMS) values of spherical aberration(SA),coma,trefoil,total higher order aberration (tHOA) and 3rd-6th order aberrations were significantly different between emmetropic and myopic eyes with 3mm-6mm aperture.In circumstances of 5mm and 6mm aperture,the RMS of SA,trefoil,tHOA and 3rd,4th,6th order aberrations across emmetropic and refractive error groups were statistically significant.Pupil diameter affected higher order aberrations remarkably.The values of RMS were increased correspondingly with pupil dilated from 3mm to 6mm in all types of aberrations,in particular 3rd and 4th order aberrations.The large amount of individual difference was found both in the pattern and magnitude of high-order aberrations in each refractive group,high variability of distribution of SA and trefoil was statistically significant with 5mm and 6mm aperture respectively (F=2.74,P=0.0454;F=3.93.P=0.0102).Conclusions The higher order aberrations vary systematically with degree of ametropia.SA and trefoil is more discrete in myopia.