摘要目的 研究应用人参皂甙Rg1球周注射对视神经夹伤大鼠组织病理的影响.方法 将SD大鼠随机分成两组,A组12只(24只眼),右眼不做任何处理作为对正常对照组,左眼行视神经夹伤作为损伤对照组.B组12只(24只眼),双眼均行视神经夹伤,右眼注射等体积生理盐水作为治疗对照组,左眼球周注射人参皂甙Rg1(每只眼2 mg/0.1 ml),1次/d,共21 d,作为实验组.用手术显微镜观察各组眼部临床症状学病程变化,用视网膜神经节细胞(RGCs)特异性标记物转录因子Brn-3a标记RGCs,分别于造模成功后3、7、14、28 d进行视网膜组织病理、免疫组织化学染色,比较各组之间差异.结果 (1)视神经钳夹伤3～7 d,损伤组、生理盐水组RGCs单层排列结构消失,组织细胞排列疏松、增厚;实验组视网膜水肿较以上两组程度减轻.(2) 3～28 d各时间点RGCs进行性丢失,细胞数目逐渐减少,晚期阶段视网膜神经节细胞层(GCL)可见空泡化改变;实验组也可见上述改变,但程度较损伤与生理盐水对照组轻.(3)损伤组与生理盐水组RGCs存活数量差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);但实验组RGCs存活数量显著高于同时期生理盐水组对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 球周注射人参皂甙Rg1在视神经损伤的病理条件下能够维持眼部与视网膜组织的正常形态结构,提高钳夹伤后RGCs的存活率,减少手术损伤并发症.提示本方法对视神经钳夹伤大鼠的治疗作用安全、有效,有可能用于临床上视神经损伤疾病的治疗.

abstractsObjective To make a study on the histopathological influence of ginsenosides Rg1 periocular injection after optic nerve crush in rats.Method SD rats were randomly divided into two groups,A group of 12 (24 eyes),the right eye without any treatment as a normal control group,left eye made optic nerve crush as the control group.Group B,12 (24 eyes),eyes underwent optic nerve crush,right eye injected with saline as a treatment control group,the left eye injected with ginsenosides Rg1 (2mg/0.1ml / eyes) as the experimental group.Clinical symptomatology changes of each group were observed with a surgical microscope,specific markers transcription factor Brn-3a labeled retinal ganglion cells (RGCs),pathology and immunohistochemistry were examined at 3,7,14,28 d after injury,respectively.Differences between groups were compared.Results (1) at 3-7d after optic crush,monolayer structure of injury and saline group disappeared,tissue loosely arranged thickening,retinal edema of the experimental group lessened compared with that of the two sets.(2)progressive loss of RGCs were observed at 3～28d,the number of cells reduced gradually,vacuoles appeared at the late stage.These changes were also seen in experimental group and degree of injury was lighter than those of two groups.(3)There was no significant difference between the survival in injury and saline group (P ＞0.05); survival number of RGCs in experimental group was significantly higher than that of saline control group,the difference was statistically significant(P ＜0.05).Conclusions Rg1 ginsenosides Rg1 periocular injection can maintain the normal morphology structure of optic retinal tissue,improve the survival rate after nerve crush damage.It hints that this method is safe,effective and may be used in clinical optic nerve diseases.